Um Plano de gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos para a 2ª subseção judiciária federal de Dourados, MS

Abstract

Are solid waste generated in the headquarters building of the 2nd Federal Judicial Branch of Dourados managed properly? Is it possible to improve the disposal of solid waste (SW) generated within its headquarters building or as result of the activities carried out in the unit of under study (UUS)? The objective of this paper is to answer these questions, aiming to understand the reasons that limit the management of SW in a judicial unit of first instance of Federal Court, based in a city of 210 thousand inhabitants in the Brazilian country and propose solutions for improvement. In order to achieve them, theoretical reviews were carried out on three themes related to solid waste management. Accords of sustainable development concept changing habits of production, consumption, generation, disposal, and last disposition and sharing of responsibilities on solid waste, among other principles, is imperative. The environmental legislation applicable to SW is sufficient to provide legal safety for managers to make discretionary decisions incorporating social and environmental sustainability criteria. Moreover, the revised legislation makes it possible to argue that decisions taken within the Public Administration should be bind to the obligation to respect and promote them. All public employees are individually and institutionally treated as coresponsible for the generation and disposal of SW. The review of the environmental management theme was focused on the technical instruments that can make feasible solutions to the problems identified. The SW gravimetric analysis technique is one of these instruments, through which it is possible to identify the types of solid waste generated in the UUS and to measure their quantities, to substantiate the diagnosis, whose results show that the initial empirical perception is correct: solid waste is managed in an environmentally unsuitable manner, such that most recyclable SW is not intended for sorting in AGECOLD, but is lost, denyng access by members to non-negligible material of commercial value and causing an unnecessary increase in the load in the landfill, which means higher costs of the public budget and environmental patrimony burdening society undesirably. The proposal presented at the end of paper provides for simple actions, of low or no cost - that are capable of increasing the environmentally adequate destination for the sorting of the waste generated in the unit studied and of reducing the undue burden of the landfill with recyclable waste generated by the UUS- , which can be implemented immediately after its approval by the administrative authority. In addition to gravimetry, used to support the diagnosis of the solid waste in the UUS, this paper relies on another important environmental management instrument, the Solid Waste Management Plan (SWMP), whose adoption is suggested to systematize the proposed improvement actions.