Sistemas de manejo do solo e velocidade de semeadura da soja

Abstract

The increase in soybean yield is related to several operational factors, as soil tillage and sowing speed. Like this, this study aimed to evaluate the soil tillage and sowing rate on soybean, and their effects on the agronomic and physical soil properties and the performance of the whole tractor-seeder. The randomized block design in split plot design with four replications was used. The treatments consisted of six management systems, Applied to the plots: no tillage (PD), subsoiling no tillage (PDs), no tillage subsoiling crusader (PDsc), conventional tillage (PC), reduced tillage (PR) and conservation tillage (PCs). And the forward speed applied to the split plot at the time of soybean seeding, resulting in average speeds 4.6; 5.5; 7.3 and 7.8 km h-1. It was observed in the layers 0.0 – 0.10; 0.10 – 0.20 e 0.20 – 0.30 m significant effect of tillage systems on penetration resistance (RP) soil. The PD system had the highest PR value compared to other tillage systems studied. The speed of 7.3 km h-1 was optimal for the sowing field by having a yield of 94.03%. The speed of 7.8 km h-1 gave the least amount of gaps in the double row sowing. Low speeds favor higher productivity, to improve other agronomic traits, such as pods per plant and plant stand.