A Territorialização do agronegócio canavieiro e seus impactos socioterritoriais no Assentamento Betel e na Comunidade Camponesa Estrelinha em Glória de Dourados – MS

Abstract

This work seeks to understand the expansion and socio - territorial impacts of sugarcane production in the municipality of Gloria de Dourados - MS, specifically in the Bethel settlement, where 16 families are located on the Iguaçu line, km 16, east of the former Bethel farm. involve the small peasant community, which is formed by traditional peasants, and are situated in the same locality. We construct our reflection through the debate of the territorial disputes and the class struggles in the field, this means that we have on the one hand the peasant resistance and, on the other, the advances of the sugar cane agribusiness. The debate is related to the theoretical-political- ideological perspective of the Agrarian Question Paradigm, based on the territorial disputes and the different types of properties, characterizing the contradictions between business land versus working land. We understand that it is necessary to analyze the socio-territorial impacts and changes that have taken place in these territories since the sugar cane territorialization by the Adecoagro plant with a unit in the municipality of Ivinhema, which has land leases in the municipality of Glória de Dourados - MS. We will present our theoretical construction based on the dialogue between authors of the Agrarian Question Paradigm (PQA), making a counterpoint to other aspects of studies, such as the Agrarian Capitalism Paradigm (PCA), in order to reaffirm and better evidence our reference framework. research, which is in line with the PQA. It is also considered a context of territorialization of sugarcane production within the municipality of Glória de Dourados, as well as a historical rescue of the productive chain of the municipality, with emphasis on the process of formation and contextualization of the National Agricultural Colonization of Dourados (CAND). It is important to emphasize the importance of this debate to contextualize the land occupation and concentration process in the municipality of Glória de Dourados / MS. This analysis allows a better understanding of the established agricultural structure and the redefinitions that are occurring in the regional dynamics, from the intensification of the industrial mode of production in the field associated to the cultivation of the soybean / wheat binomial since the late 1970s and, more recently, the advancement of sugar cane agribusiness in the region, making possible a new territorial configuration. Therefore, when discussing the socio-territorial impacts, the main changes brought about in the social subjects involved are presented. They are changes that have a central origin in the expansion of capitalism, that is, changes in the basis of work in rural areas, increased use of agrochemicals in the region, changes in vegetation cover, especially after the arrival of the sugar industry in Glória de Dourados, more specifically, in the vicinity of the Bethel settlement and Estrelinha community. In this way he considered the relations of peasantry experienced in the Bethel settlement and its surroundings, from the dialogues and observations of how these relations are given, so as to understand that the way the peasant relates to the land goes far beyond of what one thinks of economic values from the capitalist point of view, that is, their relation to the land is linked to values, ethnic, moral and culture.