Efeito de probióticos em indicadores bioquímicos e subjetivos de fome e saciedade em pacientes com sobrepeso e obesidade: uma revisão sistemática

Abstract

Background & Aims: Overweight and obese individuals present changes in the mechanisms related to hunger and satiety due to several factors, including excess adipose tissue and intestinal microbiota imbalance. Probiotics have been presented as a strategy in modulating the intestinal microbiota and in regulating these mechanisms. The objective of this study was to perform a summary of the literature on the effects of probiotics on biochemical and subjective indicators of hunger and satiety in overweight or obese individuals. Methods: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials was conducted in nine electronic databases and a manual search of studies. All stages of the research were carefully based on the PRISMA recommendations. This revision is registered in PROSPERO under the code CRD42019126910. Results: Seven studies were included in this systematic review representing a total of 307 adults. The biochemical indicators evaluated in the studies were: leptin, insulin, adiponectin, resistin, nesfatin-1, adropine, omentin-1, GLP-1, GLP-2 and glucagon. One study reported a significant increase of GLP-1, GLP-2 and insulin in the probiotic group while another study observed a significant decrease of adropin-1 and omentin-1 in the placebo group. The other studies did not observe significant differences. No study evaluated subjective indicators. Conclusions: Probiotics may modulate the concentrations of some hormones related to hunger and satiety, however, high methodological and low risk bias studies that evaluate biochemical and subjective indicators of hunger and satiety are necessary to consider its application in clinical practice.