Doses de cama-de-frango e fileiras de plantas na produção de mandioquinha-salsa ‘amarela de carandaí’

Abstract

The work was carried out in Dourados-MS, between March, 2007, and January, 2008, in Distroferric Red Latossol, very clay texture. The aim was to study ‘Amarela de Carandaí’ peruvian carrot that was cultivated in soil with chicken manure – DF (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 t ha-1) and under two-2F or three-3F rows of plants per plot, which resulted in 66,000 and 99,000 plants ha-1. Those ten treatments were arranged as 5 x 2 factorial scheme in randomized block experimental design, with four replications. Harvests were done on 210 and 248 days after planting (DAP), when plants showed more than 50% of senescence of foliar part, respectively. Plant heights were not influenced significantly by CF doses neither by number of rows in harvest done on 210 DAP, with average of 30.70 cm. On 248 DAP, plant heights showed linear growth as a function of CF doses, which highest value was 24.20 cm under 20 t ha-1 of CF. Yields of fresh masses of leaves, crowns and shoots were influenced significantly by CF doses. The greatest yield, regarding to number of rows, were obtained under 3F on both two harvests. On 210 DAP, the greatest yield of commercial roots was 10.86 t ha-1 with the use of 16.36 t ha-1 of CF and, on 248 was 14.00 t ha-1 with the use of 20 t ha-1 of CF. Yields of fresh masses of non-commercial roots, on 210 DAP, dried mass of leaf and of commercial root on 248 DAP, were influenced significantly by chicken manure doses as soil covering and number of rows per plot interaction, and showed quadratic growth with different rates. In harvest done on 248 DAP, it was obtained the greatest yields of fresh mass of non-commercial roots (5.94 t ha-1) with the use of 14.86 t ha- 1 of CF, and of dried mass of leaves, with 3F (2.11 t ha-1), and of commercial root with 2F (2.87 t ha-1) with dose of 20 t ha-1 of CF. Yields of dried mass of shoot and crown on 210 DAP and of crown and non-commercial root on 248 DAP were influenced significantly by chicken manure doses. The greatest accumulating of dried mass were 1.0 t ha-1 of shoots, with the use of 13.71 t ha-1 of CF; 1.22 t ha-1 of crown with 13.59 t ha-1 of CF, on 210 DAP and 1.18 t ha-1 of no-commercial root with the use of 13.98 t ha-1 of CF, on 248 DAP. The greatest yield of commercial roots of Peruvian carrot was obtained under three rows of plants, using 20 t ha-1 of chicken manure as soil covering, which harvest was done on 248 DAP, with 70% of senescence of aerial part.