Fatores decisivos do processo migratório de jovens mulheres do Assentamento Guanabara em Mato Grosso do Sul

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors that influence the decision of the young women from the Guanabara settlement to remain in the rural area or to migrate to the urban centers. A field survey was conducted with a qualitative and quantitative approach. The data were collected through questionnaires and a semi-structured specific interview was conducted for the two groups of young women: those who left the settlement and those who remained. Data were analyzed using content analysis techniques and interpreted using descriptive statistics using Excel 2010 software. The results revealed that the main factors that contributed to the continuation of young women in the field were: factors related to the family context. It was also verified that the main factors that influenced the migratory process were: study and employment. When comparing the two Groups, it was verified that the interviewees of the Group left had higher levels of satisfaction. One of the possible explanations is that the young people of the Group left to have reached higher levels of educational formation and to carry out some professional activity comparing to the Group remained. Overall, the results indicated that the majority of the interviewees of both groups intend to carry out the agricultural occupations of their parents. Therefore, it is possible to conclude that there is intention of succession and this occurs due to three factors. First, sense of identification / enjoyment of agricultural and rural activities. Second, the need for continuation of activities that were previously carried out by the parents. Third, the well-being / quality of life that the rural environment allows.