Biologia floral e germinação in vitro de grãos de pólen de capuchinha (Tropaeolum majus L.) em cultivo com cama de frango

Abstract

The plant Tropaeolum majus, popularly known as Capuchin, presents food, ornamental and medicinal importance. Despite its possibilities of use, there are still few scientific works with the species. Studies on floral and carpometric characteristics generate basic knowledge for areas of science such as botany, genetics and plant breeding. This work has the objectives of analyzing the effect of poultry litter on floral structures and the in vitro germination of T. majus pollen grains. From the experimental matrix Plan Puebla III were defined 9 combinations of doses of poultry litter incorporated and covered. The design of the experiments was entirely random, varying the number of replicates. The number of stamens, petals, sepals and carpels per floral bud in each treatment was analyzed to verify the effect of the doses of the poultry litter on floral structures. The in vitro germination rate of pollen grains was estimated in 5 culture media and 2 evaluation times, from flower buds randomly collected in the experiment. After defining the evaluation time and culture medium, it was estimated the association between the combinations of doses of chicken litter and the in vitro germination of pollen grains. The overall mean of stamens, sepals, petals and carpels per floral bud was 8.23; 5; 5 and 3, respectively. The combinations of doses of poultry litter influenced only the number of stamens. The in vitro germination rate of T. majus pollen grains varied in the culture media. The media consisting of boric acid and calcium nitrate, in addition to sucrose and agar, provided higher estimates of in vitro germination. There was no association between the combinations of poultry litter doses and the in vitro germination rate of pollen grains.