O sertão de Santana de Paranaíba: um perfil da sociedade pastoril-escravista no sul do antigo Mato Grosso (1830 - 1888)

Abstract

This work arose from the need to contribute to the advancement of studies on the creation pastoral activity as important in the formation of the Brazilian society. The predatory extraction promoted the rapid failure of the El Dorados Brazil (Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso and Goias) and acted in the production process so as to offset the capital used in mining to other sectors, including livestock. In the case of Mato Grosso, the failure of mineral extraction has become an unsustainable activity to society, something that encouraged the development of agropastoral property. This reversal of capital has transformed the interior of Mato Grosso in central attraction for those seeking to acquire ownership of vast vacant land suitable for cattle breeding. In the process of constructing the historical discourse on this object, two aspects have not escaped our analysis: the first refers to the identification of ideologies embedded in the temporal processes, which helps explain the close relationship between family power and power structures, motion guiding much of the historical development of brazilian society. A another aspect relates to reflection on the founding myths emanating from the company in question. It was assigned to the incoming mineiros and francanos the position of Pathfinders, the first settlers, they came in carts and on horseback to occupy the uninhabited space. Since the 1830s, the area of Santana de Paranaíba was achieved by the movement of population growth promoted by pioneer settler said. The tables prepared concerning the material and social life of Santana de Paranaíba, highlight the glaring historiographical silence facing pastoral production in the context of the slave order, apart from showing that the approaches on the developments and characteristics of this activity requires effective projects for waiver archival sources. From the methodological point of view, we conducted a rigorous initial review of the literature and were surprised by the lack of research on the topic. As a support frame support, we used the dialectical method that describes the investigative particularly in light of economic, political, social and cultural. It was, however, considered the new possibilities offered by recent historiography (French and English) in ways to read and write history in order to identify the way in different places and different time frames or in a social reality is constructed. We list, we analyze and detect the boundaries of the production of memoirs or memoirs organized in the form of biographies, genealogies, diaries, narratives and memories. We also use historical sources found at local and regional archives, especially the Court of Mato Grosso do Sul, where we find a multiplicity of sources involving letters of freedom, procurement of slaves, inventories and processes crimes. Materials are produced in the nineteenth century, relating mainly in respect of the District of Santana de Paranaíba. Based on this material we find valuable clues to explain the process of formation and development of farms, especially the types of labor used in pastoral labors in the area.