Tenondê porãrã: sabedoria indígena para a boa educação das crianças na Reserva Indígena de Dourados (RID) - MS

Abstract

The work aims to understand Indigenous Child Education within the cultural specificities of the Guarani and Kaiowá. Education that occurs orally, transmitted from generation to generation by families according to the values and customs of each ethnic group. The Dourados Indigenous Reserve - RID consists of three ethnic groups: Guarani, Kaiowá and Terena and is located between two very close cities, Dourados and Itaporã. This situation leads the Guarani and Kaiowá people to live under constant transformation in their social and cultural environment. The objective of the research is to understand indigenous early childhood education within the specific culture of Guarani and Kaiowá to analyze the aspects of teaching in early childhood education and the difficulties faced in a context marked by diversity, both internally and by the environment, which adds cultural elements to existing ones. The differences are manifested giving rise to conflicts between cultures, identities, values and traditions that represent each group and end up reverberating in the school space. The RID was created with the purpose of integrating the indigenous people into the National State, under the hegemonic model of indigenism, without recognizing the diversity among ethnic groups. The research showed the importance of implementing quality policies to meet the cultural specificity of indigenous children. Traditional indigenous education, which was the responsibility of extended families in the past, has been influenced by different external factors. The information from the interviewers shows the willingness of families and authorities to create a space to assist indigenous children after 3 years of age, taking into account the socio-historical-cultural-linguistic context and the proximity of the Guarani and Kaiowá groups. The research used the methodology of interviews from semi-structured questionnaires, with the elders belonging to RID to validate the reflections on the theme.