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Colina natural na nutrição de frangos de corte

2026-01-21T04:06:24Z

Título: Colina natural na nutrição de frangos de corte Autor(es): Silveira , Elivelton de Salles da Primeiro Orientador: Garcia , Rodrigo Garófallo Abstract: As a crucial component for the performance of broiler chickens, choline has several functions in the bird’s bodies, participating in lipid metabolism, cell structure, and as a methyl donor. Its most common form is synthetic, using choline chloride, which has some limitations due to its high hygroscopicity and the presence of chloride in its composition. Natural choline, found in most plants as phosphatidylcholine, not only avoids hygroscopicity issues but also does not require additional stabilization products and has higher bioavailability. For this study, 1,920 one-day-old broiler chicks of the Cobb 500 commercial strain were used, arranged in a completely randomized design with sic treatments and eight replicates each, totaling 48 experimental units with 40 animals each. The treatments consisted of four levels of natural choline inclusion (75, 150, 225, and 300 g/ton), a negative treatment (without choline addition), and a positive treatment (800 g/ton of 60% choline chloride). The natural choline source used in this study, as well as synthetic choline, showed no differences in performance during the 1–21-day period, nor interference with meat quality and carcass yield. However, natural choline presented better performance variables for live weight during the 1-35 and 1-42 day periods, indicating that natural choline levels of 75 g/ton and 150 g/ton are good alternatives to choline chloride. Therefore, for the natural choline source used, the recommendation for replacing choline chloride is levels between 75 and 150 g/ton. Editor: Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados Tipo: Dissertação

Viabilidade econômica de estratégias de tratamento e reciclagem dos dejetos de bovinos leiteiro

2025-10-02T05:10:09Z

Título: Viabilidade econômica de estratégias de tratamento e reciclagem dos dejetos de bovinos leiteiro Autor(es): Macena, Isabelly Alencar Primeiro Orientador: Orrico, Ana Carolina Amorim Abstract: Given the growing demand for sustainable and economically viable solutions for managing waste generated in animal production, this study evaluated the economic viability of dairy cattle manure treatment and recycling strategies. Composting and anaerobic digestion were studied in different operational configurations, considering the effects of manure fraction separation and substrate hydraulic retention times (HRT). Five scenarios were analyzed: manure composting without fraction separation (I); anaerobic digestion without fraction separation with HRTs of 20 (II) and 30 days (III); and anaerobic digestion combined with composting after fraction separation with HRTs of 20 (IV) and 30 days (V). Considering a herd of 200 animals and previous experimental data, the economic analysis was conducted using projected cash flows for 15 years, including revenues (sale of biofertilizers and energy) and costs (investments, operation, and maintenance). Financial indicators such as Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), and Discounted Payback were applied, complemented by sensitivity analysis and Monte Carlo Simulation for risk assessment. The results indicated that anaerobic digestion with a 30-day HRT and without fraction separation (Scenario III A.D.30) presented the best economic performance, with an NPV of US$53,407 (IRR of 15.54%), making it the most profitable and attractive alternative for producers with the necessary investment power. Composting without fraction separation (Scenario I C.) was also considered viable (NPV = US$9,832, IRR = 10.07%), as were the other scenarios (II A.D.20+C., IV A.D.20+C., and V A.D.30+C.). It is concluded that anaerobic biodigestion with 30-day TRH and without separation of fractions represented the most advantageous strategy for dairy farms of producers with high investment power, and composting for small producers, because it combines operational simplicity with low costs and moderate financial return. Editor: Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados Tipo: Dissertação

Bem-estar e qualidade espermática de reprodutores suínos suplementados com fibra insolúvel parcialmente fermentável

2025-09-17T05:24:14Z

Título: Bem-estar e qualidade espermática de reprodutores suínos suplementados com fibra insolúvel parcialmente fermentável Autor(es): Mandú, Daniela Ferreira de Brito Primeiro Orientador: Caldara, Fabiana Ribeiro Abstract: Male breeding pigs play a strategic role in pig farming, being crucial to the herd's reproductive efficiency and genetic advancement. Despite this, this category receives less scientific attention than females and slaughter animals, particularly regarding nutrition and welfare, which directly influence sperm quality. This dissertation sought to evaluate the effects of fiber supplementation in the diets of breeding pigs on health, behavior, and reproductive parameters. It is structured in two chapters. The first chapter presents a review of the role of fiber in swine nutrition, exploring concepts, sources, properties, and mechanisms of action. Initially viewed as an antinutrient, fiber has come to be recognized as a promoter of intestinal integrity, favoring the microbiota through the production of short-chain fatty acids and modulating hormones and behaviors linked to welfare. The differences between soluble and insoluble fiber are highlighted, with an emphasis on their effects on metabolism, feeding behavior, and reproductive performance, as well as their potential as a nutritional enrichment strategy. The second chapter reports the experimental results. Supplementation did not result in significant improvements in seminal quality, health, or behavior, but it did promote a reduction in feed consumption, suggesting a greater feeling of satiety. This finding points to fiber as a useful tool in dietary management, capable of contributing to well-being without compromising reproductive function. Although the direct effects were limited, the study reinforces the importance of investigating different types and levels of fiber throughout the reproductive lifespan and in interaction with other nutrients. Editor: Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados Tipo: Dissertação

Lasalocida sódica e óleos essenciais como modificadores da fermentação em silagens de dieta completa

2025-06-07T05:14:29Z

Título: Lasalocida sódica e óleos essenciais como modificadores da fermentação em silagens de dieta completa Autor(es): Amaral, Isabele Paola de Oliveira Primeiro Orientador: Orrico Junior, Marco Antonio Previdelli Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different doses of sodium lasalocid (LASA), limonene essential oil (LEO), and a blend of essential oils containing cinnamaldehyde and carvacrol (BCC) on the fermentation process and nutritional quality of total mixed ration (TMR) silages based on BRS Capiaçu grass. The experiment was divided into two trials (one for each additive), which were repeated across two seasons (summer and autumn). In each trial, 20 experimental silos were used, testing LASA doses of 0, 225, 300, and 375 mg/kg of dry matter (Trial 1), and LEO and BCC doses of 0, 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg of DM (Trial 2). PVC silos with a capacity of 3.8 liters were used. The forage-to-concentrate ratio was 33:67 on a dry matter basis. Each trial followed a completely randomized design, with four treatments and five replicates per treatment. TMR samples were analyzed for chemical-bromatological composition, losses, fermentation quality, and aerobic stability. A linear increase in dry matter recovery and lactic acid concentration was observed with increasing LASA application rates. The application of 300 mg/kg DM of LASA resulted in the highest pH value; however, the variation among the tested doses was minimal, ranging from 3.83 to 3.93. Additionally, increasing LASA doses led to a statistically significant linear reduction in ethanol concentrations in the silages (P < 0.01). Aerobic stability analysis also showed a tendency for improvement in LASA-treated silages, although this effect was not statistically significant (p = 0.09). No significant differences were found among treatments regarding chemical-bromatological composition (p > 0.05). For LEO, a significant increase in silage dry matter was observed, with a linear rise of 0.047% per mg/kg (p = 0.02). A significant increase in lactic acid production was also recorded (p = 0.03). There was no significant change in pH (p > 0.05). However, a negative effect on aerobic stability was observed, with reduced stability time at higher doses (p = 0.01). LEO also reduced ethanol production in the TMR silages (p = 0.04). The inclusion of BCC in TMR silages increased fiber fractions (NDF and ADF) (p < 0.01) and reduced non-fibrous carbohydrates (p = 0.02), negatively impacting total digestible nutrients (TDN) (p = 0.03). BCC was also effective in improving dry matter recovery (p = 0.02), reducing effluent losses (p = 0.01), increasing lactic acid production (p = 0.04), and reducing ethanol production (p = 0.03). Aerobic stability was positively influenced by BCC, with a significant improvement observed at the 600 mg/kg dose (p = 0.01). It can be concluded that LASA, LEO, and BCC positively influence the fermentative characteristics and nutritional quality of TMR silages based on BRS Capiaçu grass, especially regarding dry matter recovery, organic acids, and aerobic stability. The optimal doses were 375 mg/kg DM for LASA, 200 mg/kg DM for LEO, and 600 mg/kg DM for BCC. Editor: Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados Tipo: Dissertação