DSpace Communidade:http://repositorio.ufgd.edu.br/jspui/handle/prefix/17392023-11-24T12:57:59Z2023-11-24T12:57:59ZResistência de cultivares de Urochloa à Bipolaris spCristofoletti, Thiago da SilvaPalharin, Vitorhttp://repositorio.ufgd.edu.br/jspui/handle/prefix/57542023-09-28T05:11:07Z2023-09-01T00:00:00ZTítulo: Resistência de cultivares de Urochloa à Bipolaris sp
Autor(es): Cristofoletti, Thiago da Silva; Palharin, Vitor
Primeiro Orientador: Gavassoni, Walber Luiz
Abstract: Diseases in pastures have intensified in recent years, mainly in the Central-West and Northern regions of Brazil. The objective of this study was to evaluate resistance of cultivars of Urochloa brizantha, Urochloa ruziziensis, and their hybrids, to Bipolaris sp., by inoculation in 90 mm sections of detached leaves. The inoculum consisted of 5 mm three-day-old culture disks placed in the central portion of the leaf section. Each leaf section was previously punctured in four points with a needle. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with five replications. Eleven cultivars were evaluated: BRS Ipyporã, Camello, Cayana, Cayman, Cobra, Marandú, Mavuno, Mulato II, Ruziziensis, Sabiá and 780J. The necrotic leaf area was evaluated in the eleven cultivars, and the area under the lesion progress curve (AUDPC) was calculated. Necrotic lesions were observed on the third day after inoculation (dai), right after the removal of the culture disks, in all genotypes evaluated. At 9 dai, last evaluation, cvs. Cayana, Cobra, Marandú, and 780J had a smaller necrotic leaf area and lower AUDPC values than cvs. BRS Ipyporã, Camello, Mavuno, Mulato II, Ruziziensis and Sabiá.
Editor: Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados
Tipo: Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso2023-09-01T00:00:00ZMétodos para a determinação de carbono orgânico em solosMarques, João Pedro Parisotto CarvalhoSantos Júnior, Nelson Vieira doshttp://repositorio.ufgd.edu.br/jspui/handle/prefix/57532023-09-28T05:07:21Z2023-09-06T00:00:00ZTítulo: Métodos para a determinação de carbono orgânico em solos
Autor(es): Marques, João Pedro Parisotto Carvalho; Santos Júnior, Nelson Vieira dos
Primeiro Orientador: Alovisi, Alessandra Mayumi Tokura
Abstract: Soil organic matter (SOM) comes mostly from plant organisms, whose rate of decomposition is variable depending on the different plant species that differ from each other. There are several methods to determine carbon in soil samples, however, it is essential to improve and adapt the methods of carbon determination, to reduce costs and unnecessary disposal of chemical waste. In this sense, the present work aimed to compare three methods of determination of organic carbon in Red Yellow Argisol submitted to different managements. Soil samples were collected in the municipality of Guarantã, São Paulo, with sandy texture, at a depth of 0-20 cm. Three composite samples were collected, with a composite sample being the combination of ten simple samples. Soil carbon contents were determined by wet combustion methods - titration and spectrophotometer, and dry combustion - muffle. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and subsequently to Tukey's test (p≤0.10). The CO levels obtained by the three methods did not correlate with each other in the different studied areas. The muffle and spectrophotometer methods tended to overestimate the CO contents in relation to the reference method (titration). The recovery factor of the methods varies with the areas studied.
Editor: Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados
Tipo: Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso2023-09-06T00:00:00ZPosicionamento de herbicidas isolados e/ou associados na dessecação pré-colheita de soja X-Tend-IntactaMoura, João Victor de OliveiraOhashi, Letícia Harumy Britohttp://repositorio.ufgd.edu.br/jspui/handle/prefix/57522023-09-28T05:11:15Z2023-08-31T00:00:00ZTítulo: Posicionamento de herbicidas isolados e/ou associados na dessecação pré-colheita de soja X-Tend-Intacta
Autor(es): Moura, João Victor de Oliveira; Ohashi, Letícia Harumy Brito
Primeiro Orientador: Silva, Paulo Vinicius da
Abstract: Pre-harvest desiccation in the soybean production system contributes to weed control, homogenization, and uniformization of soybean plants prior to harvest. In light of the aforementioned, the aim of this study was to evaluate the optimal positioning of isolated or combined herbicides in the pre-harvest desiccation of X-Tend-Intacta soybeans. For this purpose, a field experiment was conducted at the Experimental Farm of Agricultural Sciences (FAECA) of the Federal University of Grande Dourados - UFGD. The experimental design was randomized complete blocks, with the application of the following herbicide treatments at the R7.3 phenological stage of soybeans: glufosinate (400g ha-1); saflufenacil (70g ha-1); flumioxazin (50g ha-1); carfentrazone (20g ha-1); diquat (400g ha-1); tiafenacil (67.8g ha-1); diquat + flumioxazin (747 + 50g ha-1); diquat + amicarbazone (747 + 100g ha-1); diquat + carfentrazone (300 + 20g ha-1); diquat + glufosinate (300 + 300g ha-1); diquat + tiafenacil (300 + 50.35g ha-1); diquat + saflufenacil (300 + 35g ha-1); glufosinate + saflufenacil (300 + 35g ha-1); glufosinate + flumioxazin (300 + 20g ha-1); glufosinate + carfentrazone (300 + 20g ha1); and glufosinate + tiafenacil (300 + 50.35g ha-1), in addition to the control without herbicide application. At 3, 5, 7, and 10 days after application (DAA), visual assessments of phytotoxicity and defoliation were conducted, and photos of the plots were taken for plant desiccation analysis using ImageJ software, grain moisture content was also measured. At the end of the evaluations, productivity and 1000-grain weight were analyzed. The data were subjected to Deviance analysis at 5% significance for all variables using the F-test, and the Shapiro-Wilk test was applied to check for normality. In the presence of interaction between factors, they were further analyzed using the Tukey test (5% significance) and GAMLSS regression. None of the isolated or combined herbicides showed differences in the evaluation of the percentage of desiccated area using ImageJ software, grain moisture content, and 1000-grain weight. However, when evaluating phytotoxicity and defoliation, there was significance among the herbicide treatments. Considering the climatic conditions during the study, the herbicide diquat provided a rapid effect on phytotoxicity and defoliation. On the other hand, glufosinate ammonium exhibited a slower desiccating effect. Among the PROTOX-inhibiting herbicides, tiafenacil stood out for its rapid phytotoxic action due to a higher accumulation of protoporphyrin IX. When saflufenacil was combined with glufosinate ammonium, it had a faster desiccating effect compared to applied alone. Ultimately, the desiccation practice led to higher productivity with the use of the diquat herbicide compared to the control without application.
Editor: Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados
Tipo: Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso2023-08-31T00:00:00ZAplicações sequenciais ou associações? qual a melhor escolha para os herbicidas inibidores da ACCase e latifolicidas em dessecação pré-semeadura de Conyza spp (L.) Conquist e Digitaria insularis (L.) FeddeSantana, Lucas Oliveira Marqueshttp://repositorio.ufgd.edu.br/jspui/handle/prefix/57512023-09-28T05:07:23Z2023-08-30T00:00:00ZTítulo: Aplicações sequenciais ou associações? qual a melhor escolha para os herbicidas inibidores da ACCase e latifolicidas em dessecação pré-semeadura de Conyza spp (L.) Conquist e Digitaria insularis (L.) Fedde
Autor(es): Santana, Lucas Oliveira Marques
Primeiro Orientador: Silva, Paulo Vinicius da
Abstract: The Mato Grosso do Sul’s region is highlighted in agricultural production, for the obtainment of high productive level, the weed’s management is essential. Among the weed species, Conyza spp. L. (hairyfleabane) and Digitaria insularis L. (sourgrass) stand out as hard control species, due to its presence of resistant biotypes to different herbicides and/or mechanisms of action. The objective of this work was to evaluate which was the best control management in areas infested with Conyza spp. and Digitaria insularis in pre-sowing desiccation in weeds with high developed phenological stage. For which, it was done a field experiment at federal university of the Great Dourados - UFGD’s experimental farm – Dourados/MS, in experimental delineation of casualized blocks, with 4 repetitions for each treatment, 13 treatments: (1) 2,4 D + glyphosate (1000+1440 g.a.i.ha-1 ); (2) dicamba + glyphosate (480+1440 g.a.i.ha-1 ); (3) fluroxypyr/clethodim + glyphosate (300+210+1440 g.a.i.ha-1 ); (4) triclopyr + glyphosate (720+1440 g.a.i.ha-1 ); (5) atrazine/mesotrione + glyphosate (500+50+1440 g.a.i.ha-1 ); (6) diclosulam/halauxifen-methyl + glyphosate (20,3+3,86+1440 g.a.i.ha-1 ); (7) 2,4-D + glyphosate + haloxifop-p-methyl (1000 + 1440+150 g.a.i.ha-1 ); (8) dicamba + glyphosate+ haloxifop-p-methyl (480+1440+150 g.a.i.ha- ¹); (9) triclopyr + glyphosate + haloxifop-p-methyl (720+14400+150 g.a.i.ha-1 ); (10) atrazine/mesotrione + glyphosate + haloxifop-p-methyl (500+50+1440+150 g.a.i.ha-1 ); (11) diclosulam/halauxifen-methyl + glyphosate + haloxifop-p-methyl (20,3+3,86+1440+150 g.a.i.ha1 ); (12) atrazine/mesotrione + 2,4-D (500+50+1000 g.a.i.ha-1 ); (13) atrazine/mesotrione + 2,4-D + haloxifop-p-methyl (500+50+1000+150 g.a.i.ha-1 ); and a witness for comparison. The treatments 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 12 received dose of haloxyfop-p-methyl (150 g.i.a.ha-1 ) 10 days after the initial application and dose of ammonium glufosinate 20 days after the initial application (400 g.i.a.ha1 ); the treatments 3, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13 received dose of ammonium glufosinate (400 g.i.a.ha-1 ) 10 days after the initial application. The visual analysis data were submitted to deviance’s analyze utilizing the additive models generalized to location, scale and form (GAMLSS), with Beta’s distribution for the variables of Conyza spp and Digitaria insularis control. The auxinics 2,4-D, dicamba and triclopyr were the ones that most affected the haloxyfop-p-methyl efficacy with average control inferior to 80% for Digitaria insularis in all reviews, the association diclosulan/halauxifen-methyl didn’t affected negatively the control of Digitaria insularis when associated or in sequential with haloxyfop-p-methyl presenting control superior to 80% at 35 DAT. The Conyza spp’s management with fluroxypyr/clethodim and glyphosate + 2,4-D were inferior to 75%, this way, being disadvantaged when compared to the other treatments that reached average control superior to 80%. Therefore, in areas with mixed infestation of broadleaves and narrowleaves, there are options for effective control of both species like diclosulam/halauxifenmethyl associated to haloxyfop-p-methyl and sequentials options of haloxyfop-p-methyl with initial application of the herbicides diclosulam/halauxifen-methyl and atrazine/mesotrione.
Editor: Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados
Tipo: Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso2023-08-30T00:00:00Z