http://repositorio.ufgd.edu.br/jspui/handle/prefix/500 2026-04-17T13:00:01Z 2026-04-17T13:00:01Z Santos, Helder Freitas dos http://repositorio.ufgd.edu.br/jspui/handle/prefix/6385 2025-05-29T05:23:08Z 2023-09-22T00:00:00Z

Título: Efeitos antioxidantes e anticâncer de geoprópolis de abelhas sem ferrão do cerrado brasileiro Autor(es): Santos, Helder Freitas dos Primeiro Orientador: Santos, Edson Lucas dos Abstract: Used for millennia, natural products have been essential in the treatment of numerous diseases and are considered an invaluable source of bioactive substances with pharmacological properties. Among these substances, those with antioxidant action stand out, capable of preventing diseases associated with oxidative stress, including cancer. In addition to prevention, natural products are investigated for their antineoplastic potential, with the aim of developing more efficient drugs and/or with reduced adverse effects. In this context, the objective of this study was to investigate the effect of hydroethanolic extracts of geopropolis produced by the stingless bees Melipona orbignyi (EGMO) and Melipona quadrifasciata anthidioides (EGMQ) against oxidative damage in vitro and in vivo and to evaluate their effect on different cancer cell lines. The effect against oxidative damage in vitro was evaluated in proteins and DNA. To investigate the in vivo effects on oxidative and thermal stress and longevity, the Caenorhabditis elegans model was used. The effects of EGMO and EGMO were investigated in rhabdomyosarcoma, lung carcinoma, melanoma and leukemia cells using the MTT cell viability assay. The inhibition of cell migration of melanoma cell lines was evaluated by the scratch assay. The mechanisms of death were investigated using flow cytometry and through the use of pharmacological inhibitors. The results show that EGMO and EGMQ promoted the reduction of protein oxidation and DNA fragmentation. The extracts were non-toxic in the in vivo model and promoted protection against juglone-induced oxidative stress and against heat stress in C. elegans. Furthermore, EGMO and EGMQ increased the life expectancy of nematodes in a dose-dependent manner. Regarding the anticancer effect, both extracts promoted selective cytotoxicity in all cancer cell lines evaluated. EGMO and EGMQ also promoted an inhibitory effect on cell migration of all melanoma cell lines. The cytotoxicity promoted by EGMO/EGMQ in B16F10-Nex2 murine melanoma and Jurkat leukemia cells was induced predominantly via caspase-dependent apoptosis and then by necroptosis through RIPK-1 activation. In K562 cells, geopropolis extracts promoted cytotoxic action via induction of caspase-dependent apoptosis. Together, these results demonstrate that geopropolis extracts from M. orbignyi and M.q. anthidioides have biological properties with potential therapeutic application in the prevention and treatment of diseases triggered by oxidative stress and/or cancer cell proliferation. Editor: Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados Tipo: Tese

2023-09-22T00:00:00Z Yahagi, Silvia Sayuri http://repositorio.ufgd.edu.br/jspui/handle/prefix/6266 2025-05-09T05:14:35Z 2025-04-15T00:00:00Z

Título: Microcápsulas de óleo de pequi obtidas por coacervação complexa e reticuladas com ácido tânico: digestibilidade e aplicação em alimento funcional Autor(es): Yahagi, Silvia Sayuri Primeiro Orientador: Argandoña, Eliana Janet Sanjinez Abstract: Cerrado, Brazil's second-largest biome, is home to a diverse range of plant species that produce fruits with very distinctive sensory characteristics and high nutritional value. Among these species, pequi (Caryocar brasiliense Cambess.) stands out. The oil extracted from its pulp exhibits antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, properties mainly attributed to carotenoids. However, these compounds are prone to degradation when exposed to high temperatures, humidity, and oxygen. In this context, microencapsulation through complex coacervation emerges as a promising strategy to enhance the stability of bioactive compounds. Microcapsules obtained via this technique are generally unstable in high salt concentrations, and under pH and temperature variations. Therefore, the incorporation of cross-linking agents, such as tannic acid, can improve the stability of the wall material. In this sense, the present study aimed to evaluate the influence of tannic acid as a cross-linking agent on the characterization, stability, and in vitro digestibility of microcapsules containing pequi pulp oil, using gelatin and gum arabic as wall materials, as well as its application in a food product. To obtain the microcapsules, 7.5 g of pequi oil was used, with a homogenization speed of 15,000 rpm at a temperature of 50°C. Tannic acid was incorporated at concentrations of 0.1, 0.25, and 0.5%. The addition of tannic acid did not significantly affect yield (90.11 to 90.67%), encapsulation efficiency (83.01 to 85.94%), or oil retention (82.11 to 91.76%). Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that the interaction between the encapsulating agents was efficient, which delayed oil degradation. The 0.5% tannic acid concentration improved the induction period in accelerated oxidation analysis in Rancimat, in addition to increasing antioxidant activity and β-carotene stability. In in vitro digestibility test, greater β-carotene release (87.67%) was observed in the intestinal phase. Microcapsules containing 0.5% tannic acid were applied in yogurt and subjected to spray drying, using whey protein isolate (WPI) and maltodextrin (MD) as carrier agents, following a full factorial design. From this design, two formulations were selected: one with 20 g of WPI, 5 g of MD, and 30 g of mango pulp, and another with the same concentration of carrier agents but without the fruit. The products showed high β-carotene content (115.86 and 263.29 µg/g), as well as retention (45.89 and 78.99%), high protein content (43.98 and 53.81 g/100 g), low moisture (2.49 and 3.10 g/100 g), water activity (0.254 and 0.269), hygroscopicity (13.09 and 14.89%), high solubility (83.43 and 85.32%), and β-carotene stability. However, the product showed acidity (0.34 and 0.39 g lactic acid/100 g) below the level required by Brazilian legislation for a product to be classified as yogurt; therefore, the correct designation would be powdered dairy compound. Sensory analysis indicated that the formulation with mango pulp added had higher acceptability in almost all attributes, as well as a more favorable purchase intention. It was concluded that complex coacervation microencapsulation with added tannic acid is an effective approach for protecting pequi oil. Furthermore, its application in powdered functional food demonstrated favorable characteristics, highlighting the effectiveness of spray drying. Editor: Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados Tipo: Tese

2025-04-15T00:00:00Z Bin, Márcia Crestani http://repositorio.ufgd.edu.br/jspui/handle/prefix/6104 2025-05-29T05:16:07Z 2024-05-09T00:00:00Z

Título: Avaliação química, antioxidante, toxicológica e microencapsulação do óleo essencial de Campomanesia adamantium (cambess.) o. berg com aplicação em creme cosmético anti-aging Autor(es): Bin, Márcia Crestani Primeiro Orientador: Argandoña, Eliana Janet Sanjinez Abstract: Plants are a valuable source of bioactive substances, driving scientific research into new natural compounds. Brazil has a rich reserve of these natural products as it has the greatest plant diversity on the planet. The Campomanesia adamantium species, endemic to the Cerrado biome, stands out for its bioactive and nutritious compounds, found especially in the fruit, commonly called guavira. The pulp is used for juices and jellies, and the residue generated during pulping, consisting of peel and seed, is a source of essential oil (EO), still little explored.. Due to the volatility and instability of EOs under certain environmental conditions that make their application difficult, microencapsulation can be a promising alternative in several areas. Toxicity analyses of new natural products are necessary, preferably with in vitro and in vivo tests, to verify the safety of its use. So, the objective of the study was to analyze the EO extracted by hydrodistillation of C. adamantium fruit residues concerning its chemical composition, antioxidant capacity, and toxicity profile in vitro and in vivo, as well as its application in free and microencapsulated form in an anti-aging facial cosmetic cream. The EO presented a yield of 0.37% in extraction, with the following constituents as the majority: limonene (18.6%), α-pinene (17.5%), β-ocimene (11.1%) and β-caryophyllene (9.8%). Microcapsules (MC) were obtained by the complex coacervation process followed by freeze-drying, using gelatin 1% (G) and gum arabic 1% (GA) as wall materials, and to optimize the process conditions, a central composite rotational design (CCRD) was applied, totaling 11 formulations. In CCRD, the influence of different G:GA ratios (1:1; 1:2; 1:3; 2:1, and 3:1) and the amount of EO (20% to 42.8%) on the microencapsulation yield, morphology, and antioxidant capacity were evaluated. Formulations F2 and F4 showed better retention of antioxidant capacity (99% and 94%, respectively), adequate morphology, and encapsulation yield of around 68%. Therefore, from the optimization study, with these two formulations, the characterization study was carried out, named MC1 (G:GA 1:2; OE: 40.3%) and MC2 (G:GA 2:1; OE:40.3%). Characterization was carried out regarding chemical composition (gas chromatography/mass spectrometry), EO retention, encapsulation efficiency, morphology, solubility, hygroscopicity, and thermal properties (thermogravimetry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy - FTIR) and antioxidant capacity (FRAP and ABTS methods). MC1 and MC2 showed high retention of the same main constituents of the EO, high encapsulation efficiency, and antioxidant capacity similar to the free essential oil. The MC presented an agglomerated form when wet and a slightly porous surface when dry, with a diameter between 12.8 and 76.0 µm. Formulation MC1, due to the greater proportion of GA in relation to G, resulted in MC with a less porous wall, less hygroscopic, and with greater thermal stability than the free essential oil. FTIR analysis indicated the efficiency of wall materials in oil encapsulation. Following the study, EO and MC1 were incorporated (1% and 3%, respectively) in the formulation of an anti-aging cosmetic cream, evaluating organoleptic characteristics (color, odor, appearance, pH), accelerated stability (4 °C, 25 °C, 45 °C), spreadability and microbiological quality. The anti-aging cream maintained a stable emulsion, high spreadability, and organoleptic parameters without changes during 90 days of storage at 25 °C. In the microbiological evaluation, the cream remained in compliance with the legislation. To evaluate toxicity profile, initially the in vitro cytotoxic effects of EO were evaluated against non-tumor cells (PBMC, HDFa, and HaCaT) and tumor cells for melanoma (B16F10-Nex2) using MTT assay. The results showed greater cytotoxicity for the tumor lineage (IC50 = 177.8 μg/ mL) indicating a promising therapeutic potential of EO from guavira residues for the treatment of melanoma. In vivo, the toxicological safety of EO was evaluated against the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. The EO did not reduce the viability of C. elegans in 24 h and 48 h up to 500 μg/ mL, and did not alter the number of progeny or locomotion, demonstrating toxicological safety at the doses tested. This research was a pioneer in the study of the encapsulation of EO from guavira residue, demonstrated new potential applications, and promoted an innovative approach to safely use this residue. Therefore, the study provides evidence of security of the EO, opening new perspectives for incorporating this oil into cosmetic or therapeutic formulations, in pure or encapsulated form. Editor: Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados Tipo: Tese

2024-05-09T00:00:00Z Albuquerque, Tábata Branquinho de http://repositorio.ufgd.edu.br/jspui/handle/prefix/5032 2023-09-14T05:47:04Z 2021-04-05T00:00:00Z

Título: Síntese e estudo da atividade antioxidante e antitumoral de compostos N,S - acetais utilizando biocatalisadores enzimáticos Autor(es): Albuquerque, Tábata Branquinho de Primeiro Orientador: Domingues, Nelson Luís de Campos Abstract: Biocatalysis research has grown exponentially in recent decades due to discoveries related to the synthesis of many compounds, mainly those with biological properties, which are beneficial to society. In addition, environmental concerns have led many research groups around the world, and even industries, to describe new synthetic protocols that are not harmful to the environmental and to considere the byproducts formed by reactions. Thus, the use of catalysts allows reactions more quickly using low-cost reagents and avoids the waste of solvents, which have a great impact on the environmental factor. In this sense, the use of enzymes has excellent catalytic characteristics such as high efficiency and biodegradation (instead of heavy metals); and in some cases, chemical transformations using enzymes occur in the aqueous medium, avoiding the use of polluting solvents. Many examples of enzymatic reactions have been described in the literature, and in view of the need to synthesize compounds in a more “green” way, interest arises in establishing a synthetic methodology for N,S-acetals, which are commonly found in a wide range of biological products with medical and biochemical applications. However, as far as we know, no other procedure has been described for the synthesis of N,S-acetals using biological catalysts, such as enzymes, other than the work reported by our own research group. In addition, the researchers are looking for a methodological innovation in reactors, which are greener and easier to handle. Thus, in this work, we proposed to use enzymes in the synthesis of some N,S-acetals under mild reaction conditions, besides to presenting an enzymatic reactor project based on the continuous flow chemistry applied in the synthesis of N,S-acetal. In this study, we proved that the LPP enzyme immobilization was effective and satisfactory and it was possible to reuse it in other cycles. The methods established using both free and immobilized enzymes proved to be tolerant for both thiol and amidosulfone, getting high yields in a short reaction time. In addition, N,S-acetals were evaluated to determine their antioxidant property and antitumor potential against the SK-MEL-19, SK-MEL-28, SK-MEL-103 and B16F10-Nex2 melanoma cell lines, and gratifying results were obtained with these assays. Editor: Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados Tipo: Tese

2021-04-05T00:00:00Z