http://repositorio.ufgd.edu.br/jspui/handle/prefix/56 2026-04-17T13:21:05Z 2026-04-17T13:21:05Z Viana, Maria Amélia Finoto http://repositorio.ufgd.edu.br/jspui/handle/prefix/6604 2025-09-03T05:32:15Z 2023-06-06T00:00:00Z

Título: Corantes declarados nos rótulos de produtos alimentícios comercializados no Brasil Autor(es): Viana, Maria Amélia Finoto Primeiro Orientador: Tobal, Thaise Mariá Abstract: The use of additives in food products is previously authorized by specific legislation, with limits established by type of product, but there are few studies evaluating the exposure of the population to these substances. Among the additives, colorings, one of the first to be used in food. This study aimed to evaluate the types and frequency of colorings on the label of food products sold in Brazil. A cross-sectional study with a quantitative and descriptive analytical approach was carried out based on data from the list of ingredients of products from one of the largest supermarket chains in Brazil, collected through photographic recording of the labels. The frequency of use of colorings in 2311 food products (9 food categories) was evaluated. The presence of each type of colorings in products according to food category and subcategory, as well as the frequency of each coloring and its classification according to origin, were analyzed using descriptive statistics by simple and relative frequencies. Most products, 81%, contained some additive and 35% contained colorings. The categories with more products containing colorings were Sugars and products with predominant calories from carbohydrates and fats, Sauces and seasonings and Oils and fats. Most products in all categories studied do not have colorings, and when they do the presence of only one per product predominates. The subcategories chewing gum, broths, soups and creams, candies and cones and straws for sweets have 75% or more of the products containing colorings. Most of the subcategories of Cereals and pulses, Milk and derivatives, Vegetables and oils and Fats do not have any coloring. On the other hand, Sauces and Seasonings, Meat and Bakery Products and pasta have most of the subcategories containing colorings. With regard to the number of types of coloring, the Sugars category had the highest, followed by Milk and derivatives, Bakery and pasta, Cereals and legumes and Sauces and seasonings. The colorings tartrazine, twilight yellow, titanium dioxide, red allura Ac, brilliant blue FCF, sulfite ammonia caramel, annatto extract and curcumin were the most mentioned in the products. As for the origin of colorings, only the categories Sugar and Fruits and derivatives have more synthetic dyes, and in Vegetables and vegetables products no synthetic coloring was found, and in Oils and fats and Meat products, more than 90% of colorings are natural. In general, there is a predominance of the frequency of natural colorings, confirming the tendency of the food industry to replace synthetic additives with natural ones. The results revealed that colorings are used in different types of food sold in the Brazilian market, but that usually only one coloring is added per product. In addition, the most cited colorings are mostly of synthetic origin, predominantly in the categories Sugar and products with predominant calories from carbohydrates and fats and Fruits and derivatives, but that most food categories have a predominance of natural colorings. It is concluded that there are many colorants-free food products, synthetic colorants have been replaced by natural ones, and that there should be greater attention to the category of Sugars and their products, since it is the one that presented the highest amount of products with colorants, in addition to having a higher frequency of synthetics. Editor: Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados Tipo: Dissertação

2023-06-06T00:00:00Z Ito, Arianne Tiemi Jyoboji Moraes http://repositorio.ufgd.edu.br/jspui/handle/prefix/6602 2025-09-02T05:26:00Z 2024-08-07T00:00:00Z

Título: Caracterização do atendimento à pessoa com câncer de pele residente na região centro-oeste do Brasil Autor(es): Ito, Arianne Tiemi Jyoboji Moraes Primeiro Orientador: Bernardes, Sara Santos Abstract: The main types of skin cancer are basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and melanoma. The first two are the most common cancers os skin, but they are less lethal compared to melanoma. The prognosis of cancer depends on the time to initiate treatment, and therefore, it is related to access to healthcare services. Due to the high incidence of non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSC) and the complexity of melanoma treatment, the care for these cancers significantly affects healthcare systems. OBJECTIVE: To characterize the care provided to individuals diagnosed with BCC, SCC and melanoma residing in the midwest region of Brazil, who received their first treatment through the Unified Health System (SUS), including surgery, radiotherapy or systemic therapy. METHODOLOGY: An analytical ecological study with time series analysis was conducted to analyze the characteristics of care for this population from 2008 to 2018. Publicly available databases, including the Hospital Cancer Registry and the Mortality Information System were used for data collection. Measures of association between variables were performed using Fisher's test and Chi-square test. RESULTS: Melanoma affected younger individuals and areas less exposed to sunlight compared to NMSC. Over 3/4 of our cohort initiated the first treatment for skin cancer within 60 days or less. Although surgery was the most frequent initial treatment, starting treatment with radiotherapy was associated with SCC, and starting treatment with systemic therapy was associated with melanoma. Approximately 40% of cases were referred to a different Federative Unit (FU) from their residence to receive the first treatment, and receiving the first treatment in a different FU from the residence was associated with NMSC, starting treatment within 60 days or less, and radiotherapy as the first treatment. Cases of residents in the state of Goiás were the most commonly referred to another FU, with the majority being in the state of São Paulo. The mortality rate for skin cancer in the midwest region increased over the evaluated period, with Goiás and Mato Grosso do Sul showing the highest average increase in mortality rate compared to other FUs. CONCLUSION: Residing in the midwest region of Brazil, being diagnosed with NMSC, and starting treatment with radiotherapy are associated with relocating to another state to undergo the initial treatment for the disease. The state of Goiás stood out for having the lowest proportion of cases that received their first treatment within the state of residence and showed a significant increase in the absolute number of deaths from skin cancer over the evaluated period. Mato Grosso do Sul presented the highest absolute number of registered skin cancer cases during the period. Despite 65.66% of cases having started treatment for the disease within their own state, Mato Grosso do Sul had the highest death rate from skin cancer during the evaluated period. Our findings highlight deficiencies in cancer care in the midwest region of Brazil, especially in Goiás and Mato Grosso do Sul, which contribute to planning assistance actions for individuals affected by the disease residing in this region of the country. Editor: Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados Tipo: Dissertação

2024-08-07T00:00:00Z Souza, Gleyce Hellen de Almeida de http://repositorio.ufgd.edu.br/jspui/handle/prefix/6460 2025-06-11T05:16:29Z 2023-01-31T00:00:00Z

Título: Epidemiologia de bactérias Gram-negativas multirresistentes durante a pandemia de COVID-19 e avaliação de novas alternativas antimicrobianas Autor(es): Souza, Gleyce Hellen de Almeida de Primeiro Orientador: Simionatto, Simone Abstract: Antimicrobial resistance among Multidrug-resistant Gram-Negative bacteria (MDR-GNB) represents a global health challenge, restricting therapeutic options for the treatment of infections. In Brazil, epidemiological data on the impact of MDR-GNB occurrence in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are limited. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the clinical outcome and factors associated with MDR-GNB in 280 hospitalized patients with or without COVID-19, through a case-control study, carried out between March/2020 and December/2021. The case group (COVID-19-MR-GNB) was defined as patients who were positive for COVID-19, with a clinical culture for an MDR-GNB. Control 1 (COVID-19) was defined as COVID-19 positive patients with no GNB culture. Control 2 (MDR-GNB) included patients with MDR-GNB culture and no clinical evidence of COVID-19. Control 3 (GNB) included patients cultured for a carbapenem-susceptible GNB and without clinical evidence of COVID-19. The study involved non-probabilistic controls, randomly recruited in a 1:1:1:1 ratio to cases. These groups were submitted to univariate and multivariate statistical analysis and the use of urinary catheter and central venous catheter were identified as risk factors associated with mortality; renal insufficiency; clinical sample of tracheal secretion, use of carbapenems and polymyxin. Mortality was significantly higher in patients in the COVID-19-MDR-GNB case group compared to the three COVID-19, MDR-GNB and GNB control groups (p = ≤ 0.02). The data demonstrate that the occurrence of MDR-GNB associated with COVID-19 has a significant impact on the increase in mortality. In order to contribute to the control of MDR GNB, the synergistic potential of a bioactive compound (carvacrol) associated with an antibiotic (polymyxin B) was investigated, seeking to contribute to the development of new antimicrobials against polymyxin-resistant K. pneumoniae. It was observed that it had an inhibitory effect on biofilm formation and demonstrated antimicrobial potential in vitro and in vivo, representing a therapeutic alternative to be explored in the development of new antimicrobials. Since antimicrobial peptides have stood out in the pharmaceutical market, due to their antimicrobial properties, a patent review was carried out on antimicrobial peptides developed and tested against polymyxin-resistant K. pneumoniae, in order to investigate progress in the development of new antimicrobials peptides. The results indicate that although many peptides are reported to have activity against K. pneumoniae, a minority have been tested effectively against polymyxin-resistant strains. Additionally, investments are needed in order to advance in the development stages with the aim of introducing them to the antimicrobial market. In this context, the development of this study corroborates the recommendations of the World Health Organization, for the containment of antimicrobial resistance, which encourages epidemiology studies and research in the development of new antimicrobials, in order to control the spread of multidrug-resistant microorganisms and improve the prognosis of patients. Editor: Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados Tipo: Tese

2023-01-31T00:00:00Z Coelho, Dioelen Virginia Borges Souza de Aquino http://repositorio.ufgd.edu.br/jspui/handle/prefix/6455 2025-06-07T05:14:48Z 2023-07-28T00:00:00Z

Título: Infuso das folhas da guavira (Campomanesia pubescens (d.c.) O. berg): estudo fitoquímico, toxicidade préclínica e efeitos biológicos em ratos wistar Autor(es): Coelho, Dioelen Virginia Borges Souza de Aquino Primeiro Orientador: Oesterreich, Silvia Aparecida Abstract: Plants continue to be an essential source of bioactive compounds, and their study requires a multidisciplinary approach that combines ethnobotanical, phytochemical, and biological techniques to identify new compounds with therapeutic purposes. Popularly known as guavira, Campomanesia pubescens (D.C.) O. Berg is a fruit plant, the symbol of Mato Grosso do Sul, which has shown promise in terms of therapeutic properties and biological effects, reported by ethnopharmacological use and identified by studies as flavonones and chalcones, including 2',4'-dihydroxy-3',5'-dimethyl-6' methoxyalcone. However, no studies were found in the literature regarding its toxicity and biological effects (renal and antihyperglycemic agents). Thus, this work aimed to carry out a phytochemical study, assessment of toxicity, mutagenicity, and biological effects of the infusion of leaves of C. pubescens. For the acute toxicity test, 10 female Wistar rats received a single dose of 2000 mg/kg body weight of C. pubescens tea by gavage and were observed for 14 days. For subacute toxicity, male and female Wistar received repeated doses of 15, 40 and 250 mg/kg of body weight of C. pubescens tea orally, being treated and observed for 28 days and, after this period of treatment, a group satellite and satellite control remained under observation for another 14 days. To verify the renal effects, the same male rats used in the subacute toxicity test were evaluated on day zero and on the 28th day of the experiment. Results were evaluated by permutational multivariate analysis of variance (Permanova). When a significant difference was found between the groups, non-metric multidimensional scaling (nMDS) and principal component analysis (PCA) were used, followed by the Bonferroni test. In the acute toxicity assay, the LD50 was estimated to be greater than 2000 mg/kg. In long-term toxicity, the doses tested did not produce significant changes in physiological, behavioral, hematological or histopathological parameters in the animals. Therefore, it did not exhibit acute and subacute toxicity, being classified as grade V, that is, it presents a low risk of toxicity. The tea had a renal effect with increased relative urinary volume from day 0 to day 28. However, no antihyperglycemic effects were observed. The phytochemical profile of C. pubescens tea indicated high levels of flavonoids, antibacterial (MIC), and antioxidant activity. It is recommended that new studies of tea from the leaves of C. pubescens be carried out to elucidate the mechanism of action on the renal effects and verify the toxicity in repeated doses with prolonged exposure greater than 28 days. Editor: Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados Tipo: Tese

2023-07-28T00:00:00Z