http://repositorio.ufgd.edu.br/jspui/handle/prefix/654 2026-09-01T23:52:45Z 2026-09-01T23:52:45Z Oliveira, Paula Luiza Antunes de http://repositorio.ufgd.edu.br/jspui/handle/prefix/7010 2026-09-01T21:37:17Z 2018-12-17T00:00:00Z

Título: Decomposição de serapilheira e biomassa microbiana do solo em ecossistema de referência como subsídio a restauração ecológica Autor(es): Oliveira, Paula Luiza Antunes de Primeiro Orientador: Pereira, Zefa Valdivina Abstract: The serraplilheira has been widely used as an environmental bioindicator, since it plays a fundamental role in the nutrient packing along with the microbial biomass of the soil, which is a direct agent of the soil, both of which mediate soil nutrient availability. sustainability of ecosystems. The objective was to evaluate the soil quality of three topographic gradients in the Serra da Bodoquena National Park, through litter decomposition velocity and soil microbiological attributes. The experiment consisted in collecting the litter and soil in three topographic gradients in the southern portion of the Serra da Bodoquena National Park for litter bag decomposition analysis and carbon analysis of biomass and microbial activity, metabolic quotient and microbial quotient and also chemical analysis of soil nutrients. However, there was only a statistically significant difference in relation to the top, which had the lowest decomposition rate, and in the chemical analysis of soil nutrients the pH was between 7.0 and 8 , 0 showing a basal soil with base saturation (V%) between 93 and 95 demonstrating that the soil is fertile, and in the microbial biomass the slope obtained the best results in the carbon and microbial activity and the metabolic and microbial kernels were better at the top . Thus, the nutritional and organic quality of litter influenced the activity of microbial biomass. Editor: Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados Tipo: Dissertação

2018-12-17T00:00:00Z Lobtchenko, Julio Cesar Pereira http://repositorio.ufgd.edu.br/jspui/handle/prefix/7009 2026-09-01T21:25:13Z 2020-02-11T00:00:00Z

Título: Semeadura direta de espécies florestais na implantação de sistemas agroflorestais: alternativa para a restauração ecológica de área de preservação permanente Autor(es): Lobtchenko, Julio Cesar Pereira Primeiro Orientador: Padovan, Milton Parron Abstract: Agroforestry systems (SAFs) comprise forms of land use and plant exploitation, in which tree and shrub species are combined with agricultural crops and / or animal husbandry, simultaneously or in time, interacting economically and ecologically. It represents a great potential for local and regional development, since in addition to the production of diversified environmental services, it increases food production and income generation for rural producers. The use of Biodiverse Agroforestry Systems has, in recent decades, been widely used as an alternative for ecological restoration, being included in Brazilian legislation to restore areas of preservation and legal reserve of small properties or family rural ownership. SAFS are implemented most of the time by planting seedlings and little is known about their implementation through direct seeding. Direct seeding in the Agroforestry System increases the diversity of native species, and in fragmented landscapes, they contribute to the increase in the structural and functional connectivity of ecosystems. However, due to the high diversity of existing forest species, it is still necessary to carry out studies on the physiological potential of the seeds and their initial growth, and establishment, fundamental factors when these species are used in direct sowing. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate the emergence and initial development of forest species sown directly intercropped with different agricultural crops and fertilizers and measure the cost of the applied technique. The experiment was carried out from November 2018 to August 2019 at the Experimental Farm of Agrarian Sciences of the Federal University of Grande Dourados located near BR 162 Dourados - Ponta Porã, Km 20, between the coordinates O 55º 00 '09' '/ S 22º 15' 03 '' and O 54º 59 '02' '/ S 22º 13' 18 ''. Seeds of 23 species occurring approximately the site were planted. The treatments were the interaction of: 2 seed densities (5 and 10), 2 fertilizers (Cattle manure and Chicken litter) and 2 agricultural crops (Watermelon and Pumpkin). The seeds were arranged in sowing lines (linear furrow) 2m long, 10 cm wide and 5 cm deep, spaced 2m apart and 2m between the plots, each treatment had three replicates, each repetition with two lines. The use of direct seeding to compose biodiverse agroforestry arrangements has shown to be quite promising, since agricultural crops did not harm the emergence and establishment of the species used. The best density to compose these arrangements is approximately 4000 seeds per species per hectare, since lower densities decrease the competition for light and decrease the costs of implantation. For the studied species and during the observation period, fertilizers had little influence on the development of the species. The consortium of agricultural cultivars under restoration planting is a profitable alternative to reduce restoration costs, and can be fully amortized in a second cycle of cultivars. Editor: Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados Tipo: Dissertação

2020-02-11T00:00:00Z Alencar, Adriana de oliveira http://repositorio.ufgd.edu.br/jspui/handle/prefix/5972 2025-04-08T05:16:02Z 2018-10-30T00:00:00Z

Título: Arranjos de sistemas agroflorestais biodiversos para recuperação de áreas de reserva legal Autor(es): Alencar, Adriana de oliveira Primeiro Orientador: Padovan, Milton Parron Abstract: The Biodiversity Agroforestry Systems (SAFs), comprises the combination of shrubby and arboreal species with agricultural crops, the systems can be composed of species for various purposes. The adoption of the implementation of such systems has increased and with the permission of Brazilian legislation of the use of agroforestry systems in the recomposition of Legal Reserve and Permanent Preservation is of utmost importance studies demonstrating the characteristics of such systems and how much they resemble native forest environments, and whether in fact they can contribute to the recovery of degraded areas, allying preservation with income generation. In order to contribute to information on agroforestry systems, this paper aims to gather information on biodiversity agroforestry systems and their potential for area recovery and income generation, underpinning future systems deployments; to this end, two articles were drawn up. The first concerns "Diversity, structure and dynamics of arboreal species implanted in biodiversity agroforestry systems." For the realization of the article, were analyzed the floristic composition of four agroforestry systems which were divided into plots 10 m x 10 m (100m²). After this process, it was standardized 0.5 hectares (500m ²), that is, 50 plots in each agroecosystem, distributed at random. The presence of 96 species belonging to 37 families was contested, with a total of 3,766 individuals, highlighting SAFs 1 and 2 for their greater diversity; The characteristics raised demonstrate that the analyzed systems can assist in the recovery process of areas. In chapter 2 the focus is the analysis of "Arrangements of biodiversity agroforestry systems for Legal Reserve Areas, with economic viability. For composition of the arrangements were selected native species for diversity of the environment and exotic for income generation; For the assessment of economic viability, the preadsheet was used, considering a period of 20 years, the financial analysis indicated that the two arrangements of proposed SAFs proved economically viable, entertaining in the 2 System, the economic indicators presented values higher than the 1 System, being in the 1 System: VPL of R $12,12 VAE of R 1,702,08; TIR 27.66% and RB/C 1.30; already for System 2, the values were: LPV of 31.488.74; VAE of 4,348,46; 80.84% TIR and 1.50 RB/C. The pay-back time was also better for System 2, being 2 years, while for System 1 the time was 4 years. The results obtained with the two articles demonstrate that the use of agroforestry systems can be a viable measure both economically and for recovery of areas. Editor: Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados Tipo: Dissertação

2018-10-30T00:00:00Z Salgueiro, Shirley Almeida Mendonça http://repositorio.ufgd.edu.br/jspui/handle/prefix/5362 2023-09-15T05:19:45Z 2019-10-15T00:00:00Z

Título: Biomonitoramento da qualidade do ar na microrregião da Bodoquena, Mato Grosso do Sul: mutagênese e alterações morfonatomicas em Tradescantia pallida (Rose) D.R. Hunt var. purpurea Autor(es): Salgueiro, Shirley Almeida Mendonça Primeiro Orientador: Silva, Rosilda Mara Mussury Franco Abstract: The objective of this work was to estimate air quality based on the vehicular flow of cities located at different altitudes in the Bodoquena microregion, in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. To this end, the micronucleus test was performed by means of the TRAD-MCN bioassay on young Buds of Tradescantia collected in the period between November 2018 in seven cities in the Bodoquena microregion, with different vehicle flow intensities. Meteorological parameters were evaluated and vehicles were counted to determine vehicle traffic in each city. The from the bioassay performed, relating environmental variables and altitude and using the Shuttle Radar topographic mission (SRTM) and processed in the Esri ArcGIS® software version 10.5.1 was able to map the area based on the Elevation Model. The analyses morphoanatomical were performed according to standard methodology. The measurements of thickness, length, width and fabrics and structures such as the upper cuticle, lower cuticle, upper face and lower face of the epidermis, hypodermis and mesophilic were Evaluated. The largest vehicular flow was found in the cities of Bodoquena, Guia Lopes Laguna, Jardim and Porto Murtinho. The time from 17:00 to 18:00 was the one that presented higher flow of vehicles. However, the highest frequency of mutagenic changes was found in the city of Guia Lopes, not differing from Bonito, Caracol and Jardim. Along biomonitoring was observed that the summer and autumn seasons were the ones that presented higher frequencies of micronucleus independent of the city evaluated. A correlation was observed between the frequency of micronuclei and the vehicular flow was low supporting the thesis that this micro-region although mutagenic changes are observed in T. pallida changes numerically are small when compared to other regions state of Mato Grosso do Sul. There was a variation in the thickness of the tissues/structures that varies between the different cities and seasons. In a way that tissues/structure were reduced for the cities of Nioaque and Porto Murtinho as to the anatomical and morphological aspects being that for the length and leaf thickness was not observed differences between the cities. In relation to the seasons of the year, it was observed that in autumn the thickness of the tissues/structures are smaller. Editor: Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados Tipo: Dissertação

2019-10-15T00:00:00Z