http://repositorio.ufgd.edu.br/jspui/handle/prefix/931 2026-09-21T07:51:51Z 2026-09-21T07:51:51Z Santos, Josuel Belo dos http://repositorio.ufgd.edu.br/jspui/handle/prefix/7066 2026-09-19T05:10:18Z 2024-03-28T00:00:00Z

Título: Aspectos jurídicos e criminológicos dos estrangeiros em privação de liberdade no Estado do Mato Grosso do Sul Autor(es): Santos, Josuel Belo dos Primeiro Orientador: Preussler, Gustavo de Souza Abstract: This dissertation proposes, through the criminology of mobility, to investigate the characteristics of the incarceration of foreigners in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, from both legal and criminological perspectives. The main objective of this work is to examine whether, given the conditions under which foreigners are incarcerated in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, the rights of due process of law foreseen in the Brazilian legal system are guaranteed and, if not, what are the legal grounds for denying them, exploring the hypothesis of a violation of the principle of presumption of innocence. In parallel, the general objectives of the study attempt to explain, in an interdisciplinary manner, the factors that contribute to the imprisonment of immigrants in the state. The methodological approach used for the development of this work consisted of qualitative-quantitative research, with case studies, combined with documentary, procedural, and empirical analysis of the data collected. Institutional information was gathered from the Mato Grosso do Sul State Penitentiary System Administration Agency (AGEPEN), in conjunction with the National Secretariat for Penal Policies (SISDEPEN), the Federal Public Defender's Office (DPU-MS), and the State Public Defender's Office (DPE-MS) in 2022. This information yielded data on gender, age, nationality, marital status, education level, profession, type of crime committed, prison units, and the municipalities where the migrants are deprived of their liberty, as well as other information necessary for the study. The analysis of the cases involved vehicles belonging to convicted immigrants that were processed in the State and Federal Courts in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul. In total, 8 cases were examined, 6 of which—3 involving foreign men and 3 involving foreign women—were processed up to the second instance in the Court of Justice of Mato Grosso do Sul, and 2 cases involving male immigrants with final judgments in the second instance of the Federal Court, by the Regional Federal Court of the 3rd Region. In this procedural verification phase of the work, the grounds for indictment, maintenance of imprisonment, and subsequent reports were observed to verify possible visible violations of human rights in the phases of due process, which include the principles of adversarial proceedings and full defense, the presumption of innocence, and the progression of prison regimes for foreigners imprisoned in Mato Grosso do Sul. The results demonstrate that the denial of release from prison and the conditions to respond to the proceedings while at liberty is granted to the foreign defendant based on the legal grounds of risk to public order and the application of criminal law. It is demonstrated that there were reviewed decisions, which, through appeals made by the defense, were upheld by the Court of Justice, based on the understanding that there was a lack of evidence to substantiate the materiality for holding the defendants responsible for the crime of association with drug trafficking or for a heinous crime. It was observed that 67.27% of foreign women are in pretrial detention and 90.91% of immigrant women are there for crimes related to drug trafficking. Corumbá, a border city, has a higher concentration of incarcerated female immigrants, at 52.73%. Among foreign men, 72.53% are in conflict with the law for drug trafficking and 38.20% are in pretrial detention in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul; the border municipality of Dourados has the highest rates of male migrants in custody, at 15.45%. It is observed that the Public Defender's Office serves approximately 90% of incarcerated migrants in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul. In addition, the Brazilian Midwest is the main entry and transit point for drug and arms trafficking in Brazil; thus, about 80% of the cocaine and marijuana entering the country uses the border corridors of the states of Mato Grosso do Sul, Mato Grosso, and Goiás.; Esta tesis propone, desde la criminología de la movilidad, investigar el fenómeno del encarcelamiento de extranjeros en el estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, desde perspectivas tanto jurídicas como criminológicas. El objetivo principal de este trabajo es examinar si, dadas las condiciones de encarcelamiento de extranjeros en Mato Grosso do Sul, se garantizan las garantías procesales previstas en el ordenamiento jurídico brasileño y, de no ser así, cuáles son los fundamentos legales para su negación, explorando la hipótesis de una violación del principio de presunción de inocencia. Paralelamente, los objetivos generales del estudio buscan explicar, de manera interdisciplinaria, los factores que contribuyen al encarcelamiento de inmigrantes en el estado. El enfoque metodológico empleado para el desarrollo de este trabajo consistió en una investigación cualitativa-cuantitativa, con estudios de caso, combinada con análisis documental, procedimental y empírico de los datos recabados. En 2022, se recopiló información institucional de la Agencia de Administración del Sistema Penitenciario del Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul (AGEPEN), en colaboración con la Secretaría Nacional de Políticas Penales (SISDEPEN), la Defensoría Pública Federal (DPU-MS) y la Defensoría Pública Estatal (DPE-MS). Esta información proporcionó datos sobre género, edad, nacionalidad, estado civil, nivel educativo, profesión, tipo de delito cometido, unidades penitenciarias y municipios donde los migrantes se encuentran privados de libertad, así como otra información necesaria para el estudio. El análisis de los casos incluyó expedientes de inmigrantes condenados, procesados en los tribunales estatales y federales del estado de Mato Grosso do Sul. En total, se examinaron ocho casos: seis de ellos —tres de hombres extranjeros y tres de mujeres extranjeras— fueron procesados hasta la segunda instancia en el Tribunal de Justicia de Mato Grosso do Sul, y dos casos de inmigrantes varones con sentencias firmes en segunda instancia del Tribunal Federal, por el Tribunal Federal Regional de la 3.ª Región. En esta fase de revisión procesal, el objetivo fue observar los fundamentos de la acusación, el mantenimiento de la prisión preventiva y la posterior condena para verificar posibles violaciones de derechos humanos en las etapas del debido proceso, que incluyen los principios del procedimiento contradictorio y la plena defensa, la presunción de inocencia y la evolución de los regímenes penitenciarios para extranjeros encarcelados en Mato Grosso do Sul. Los resultados demuestran que la denegación de la libertad condicional y de las condiciones para responder al proceso en libertad se concede al acusado extranjero con base en los fundamentos jurídicos de riesgo para el orden público y la aplicación del derecho penal. Se constata que hubo decisiones revisadas que, tras ser apeladas por la defensa, fueron confirmadas por el Tribunal de Justicia, al considerar que existía falta de pruebas sustanciales para imputar a los acusados el delito de asociación ilícita con el narcotráfico o un delito grave. Se observó que el 67,27% de las mujeres extranjeras se encuentran en prisión preventiva y el 90,91% de las mujeres inmigrantes están acusadas de delitos relacionados con el narcotráfico. Corumbá es la ciudad fronteriza con la mayor concentración de mujeres inmigrantes encarceladas, con un 52,73%. Entre los hombres extranjeros, el 72,53% tiene conflictos con la ley por narcotráfico y el 38,20% se encuentra en prisión preventiva en el estado de Mato Grosso do Sul. El municipio fronterizo de Dourados presenta la mayor tasa de migrantes varones detenidos, con un 15,45%. Se observa que la Defensoría Pública atiende aproximadamente al 90% de los migrantes encarcelados en el estado de Mato Grosso do Sul. Además, el centro-oeste brasileño es el principal punto de entrada y tránsito del narcotráfico y el tráfico de armas en Brasil; por lo tanto, cerca del 80% de la cocaína y la marihuana que ingresan al país utilizan los estados de Mato Grosso do Sul, Mato Grosso y Goiás como corredores fronterizos. Editor: Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados Tipo: Dissertação

2024-03-28T00:00:00Z Luiz, Valesca Luzia Leão http://repositorio.ufgd.edu.br/jspui/handle/prefix/6667 2025-10-03T05:08:27Z 2025-06-25T00:00:00Z

Título: Desastres criados no Pantanal sul-mato-grossense pela mineração: o caso da seca do córrego Urucum Autor(es): Luiz, Valesca Luzia Leão Primeiro Orientador: Silva, Liana Amin Lima Da Abstract: The general objective of this research is to identify the application of the conceptual tool “desastralização” (disaster-making) in the context of mineral exploitation in the Pantanal region of Mato Grosso do Sul. As a working hypothesis, the case of the Urucum Stream drought was selected for analysis, given its public repercussion and its involvement in legal proceedings. The goal is to establish a causal link between the drought and mining activity in the southern Pantanal, and to demonstrate how this disaster was both created and made possible. The chosen methodological approach was the historical-dialectical method, aiming to understand that the social issue under investigation is in constant motion and transformation, and is not limited to isolated events, but is instead part of a broader whole. Regarding the theoretical framework, the research was grounded in the concept of the “mining model” as defined by Horacio Machado Aráoz, which highlights recurring violations and the comprehensive degradation of life resulting from mining activities. In addition, it draws on the conceptual tool “desastralização,” proposed by Karine Gonçalves Carneiro and Tatiana Ribeiro de Souza, to understand how and why disasters are created. To support the hypothesis, the research used primary sources such as case law from the Court of Justice of Mato Grosso do Sul regarding environmental damage caused by mining in the Pantanal. Secondary sources included documents from the National Mining Agency (ANM), the Atlas of Mining Problems, the Water Resources Plan for the Paraguay River Basin, and reports from the Pastoral Land Commission, in order to complement the investigation. The study concludes that mining activities in the Pantanal region of Mato Grosso do Sul led to disasters related to the drought of the Urucum Stream. These activities caused not only individual harm to affected people, but also ecological damage to the essential characteristics of the biome and broad environmental damage that impacted the collective interests of society, affecting all components of the environment. Editor: Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados Tipo: Dissertação

2025-06-25T00:00:00Z Otake, Renata Akemi http://repositorio.ufgd.edu.br/jspui/handle/prefix/6666 2025-09-30T05:04:19Z 2025-08-07T00:00:00Z

Título: A utilização da inteligência artificial no judiciário: Possibilidade de discriminação no sistema penal? Autor(es): Otake, Renata Akemi Primeiro Orientador: Contini, Alaerte Antonio Martelli Abstract: This study analyzes the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in the Brazilian judicial system, with an emphasis on the risks of algorithmic discrimination in the criminal justice system. Based on the premise that AI tools are not neutral, as their algorithms, fed by historical data, reproduce and reinforce preexisting social biases, the research investigates how this technology can reinforce inequalities in the criminal justice system. The question this research proposed is: can the use of artificial intelligence systems as a tool generate algorithmic discrimination, and how might this occur? The general objective was to study the use of artificial intelligence in the Brazilian Judicial System and the possibility of algorithmic discrimination in the criminal justice system. Furthermore, the specific objectives sought to: a) understand what artificial intelligence is and its compositions; b) the state of the Brazilian judicial system in light of new technologies; c) the possibility of algorithmic discrimination. The methodological approach combined Karl Popper's hypothetical-deductive method, hypothesis-based literature review, and empirical data analysis, along with document research from sources such as CNJ reports, academic articles, and national and international case investigations. The findings showed that, although AI offers advantages such as faster processes and lower costs, it also reproduces patterns of discrimination. In Brazil, the use of facial recognition by the police revealed high error rates for Black people, transgender people, and people from peripheral areas, leading to unfair arrests. Furthermore, the lack of transparency in the algorithms and the lack of adequate regulation exacerbated these problems, making oversight and judicial control more difficult. The conclusions supported the initial hypothesis: AI, when used without ethical guidelines and legal safeguards, tends to maintain and intensify structural discrimination, especially in a penal system already characterized by selectivity and racism. Therefore, the innovations proposed by AI require regulations prepared for the impacts arising from their use, applying ethical criteria that prevent the reinstatement of biases present in previous decisions, that is, preventing automation from deepening social injustices rather than resolving them. Regulation of AI in the judicial system should focus on accountability, social participation, and the correction of biases, ensuring that technological advances represent social evolution and do not compromise justice and equity. Editor: Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados Tipo: Dissertação

2025-08-07T00:00:00Z Nascimento, Jeniffer Santana do http://repositorio.ufgd.edu.br/jspui/handle/prefix/6665 2025-09-30T05:20:02Z 2025-04-25T00:00:00Z

Título: Territórios à margem e a inércia do estado: desafios da regularização fundiária e a reprodução do estigma urbano na comunidade Santa Fé e Santa Felicidade, em Dourados-MS Autor(es): Nascimento, Jeniffer Santana do Primeiro Orientador: Rodrigues, Thaisa Maira Abstract: This dissertation investigates the challenges of land regularization and the reproduction of urban stigma in the Santa Fé Community, located in Dourados/MS, Brazil, situating itself within the debate on uneven urbanization in the country. Through a historical analysis, the study identifies the roots of socio-spatial segregation in processes such as post-industrialization rural-urban migration, the 1850 Land Law—which consolidated land concentration—and the abolition of slavery without inclusive policies, factors that marginalized populations and fueled informal settlements. Chaotic urbanization, marked by inefficient state planning and real estate speculation, generated precarious peripheries where land irregularity became structural. The research adopts a hypothetical-deductive and qualitative approach, combining documentary analysis, literature review, and interviews with social actors. It examines how territorial stigma naturalizes state neglect by associating communities like Santa Fé with discourses of illegality and danger. This symbolic representation legitimizes the omission of public policies, perpetuating human rights violations such as lack of access to sanitation, healthcare, and education. While Law 13.465/2017 (REURB) promotes regularization, it proves insufficient by prioritizing legal security over urban and social improvements, reinforcing the logic of the "dual city" (Maricato, 2001). The Santa Fé case study highlights the materialization of these dynamics: precarious occupations, media-driven stigmatization, and repressive state responses. The community, largely composed of improvised housing, faces cycles of exclusion fueled by the normalization of precarity. The study concludes that land regularization, to transcend its technical dimension, must integrate with multidimensional policies that combat structural inequality, promote infrastructure, and deconstruct stereotypes. The research engages with theorists such as Lefebvre (2001), whose concept of the "right to the city" emphasizes popular participation in urban space construction, and Rolnik (1997), who critiques the commodification of housing. It argues that socio-spatial inclusion requires not only land titling but also the reconfiguration of power relations dominating urbanism, prioritizing social movements and intersectoral agendas. Ultimately, the dissertation demonstrates that stigmatization and segregation stem from a historical project of exclusion, demanding epistemic and practical ruptures to transform cities into spaces of dignity and full citizenship. Editor: Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados Tipo: Dissertação

2025-04-25T00:00:00Z