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Seleção de híbridos para qualidade de sementes em cinco ambientes do Mato Grosso do Sul

Tue, 25 Nov 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Seleção de híbridos para qualidade de sementes em cinco ambientes do Mato Grosso do Sul Autor(es): Mendonça, Natália Rodelini; Zancheta, Silvio Cavalheiro Primeiro Orientador: Davide, Livia Maria Chamma Abstract: Corn (Zea mays L.) is one of the most important crops for the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, and it has increasingly been present in the sugar-energy sector, being an option during the sugarcane off-season and used in animal feed. To ensure high productivity in the fields, physiological analyses are essential to verify whether the seeds are meeting the established standards by assessing their vigor and viability. In this way, the environment emerges as a determining factor for the seed to express its full physiological potential, since hybrids may behave differently when subjected to specific edaphoclimatic conditions, especially in Mato Grosso do Sul, which presents diverse cultivation conditions in different cities. Therefore, this study aims to select, based on the physiological attributes of maize hybrid seeds produced in the 2024 growing season, in five edaphoclimatic environments. For this purpose, 10 maize hybrids and five edaphoclimatic environments were used. The experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design (CRD), with four replications. The hybrids were evaluated through germination (GER), in percentage; germination in the cold test (TF), in percentage; emergence (EMER), in percentage; emergence speed index (IVE); root length (CR), in centimeters; shoot length (CPA), in centimeters; seedling length (CP), in centimeters; and fresh and dry matter of the root and shoot (MFR, MFPA, MSR, and MSPA), in grams. The data were subjected to individual and joint analysis of variance. Means were grouped by the Scott-Knott test. The results showed that for the variables germination (GER), germination in the cold test (TF), root fresh matter (MFR), shoot fresh matter (MFPA), root dry matter (MSR), and shoot dry matter (MSPA), the hybrids showed different behaviors in the five analyzed environments. The hybrid that stood out the most overall was H7, presenting greater vigor. Meanwhile, H3 was the hybrid that behaved most consistently across environments. Finally, the environment most favorable for the initial establishment of the crop was Laguna Carapã, while the most unfavorable was Ponta Porã. Editor: Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados Tipo: Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso

Adubação orgânica e bioestimulantes no desenvolvimento inicial da cultura do Mamoeiro Formosa CV. Bela Nova

Tue, 25 Nov 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Adubação orgânica e bioestimulantes no desenvolvimento inicial da cultura do Mamoeiro Formosa CV. Bela Nova Autor(es): Lescano, Francyelli Becker; Valensuela, Leandro Santos Primeiro Orientador: Santos, Silvia Correa Abstract: The papaya tree (Carica papaya L.) is one of the main tropical fruit crops grown in Brazil, standing out for its significant economic and social importance. The use of microorganisms as growth promoters in fruit crops, combined with organic residues, can enhance productivity and generate multiple benefits in organic production systems. In this study, the objective was to evaluate how different organic residues and biostimulants influence the initial development of the Formosa papaya cultivar Bela Nova. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design, using four types of organic residues — cattle manure, sheep manure, poultry litter, and Organogreen, with 5 kg of one residue applied per planting hole — combined with three biostimulants: Bacillus subtilis at 10 mL per plant, Trichoderma harzianum at 20 mL per plant, and Chlorella sp. at 5 mL per plant. The following indicators were analyzed: plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, and chlorophyll index (SPAD), in addition to monitoring flowering and fruit set. Overall, the combination of organic residues and biostimulants resulted in expressive gains in plant vigor and growth. The best height results were obtained with cattle manure (78 cm), sheep manure (75 cm), and Organogreen (77.24 cm), while poultry litter showed the lowest performance (68 cm). Among the biostimulants, Chlorella sp. (82 cm) and Trichoderma (76 cm) promoted the greatest increases in height. The number of leaves was higher in treatments with cattle manure (28 leaves) and Organogreen (27 leaves), while stem diameter was greater with the use of sheep manure (3.8 cm). The SPAD index, which indicates chlorophyll content, was highest in treatments with cattle manure (48) and Organogreen (47), and with the Chlorella sp. biostimulant (49). Furthermore, this practice promotes the rational use of natural resources and contributes to a more balanced and environmentally responsible agriculture. Editor: Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados Tipo: Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso

Microalgas, sistemas de micropropagação e diodos emissores de luz na germinação e desenvolvimento inicial in vitro de Cattleya nobilior Rchb.f.

Fri, 28 Nov 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Microalgas, sistemas de micropropagação e diodos emissores de luz na germinação e desenvolvimento inicial in vitro de Cattleya nobilior Rchb.f. Autor(es): Santana , Luiz Felipe Ajala; Oliveira, Maísa Gomes da Silva Primeiro Orientador: Sorgato, José Carlos Abstract: The Orchidaceae family, due to habitat destruction, climate change, and illegal extraction, is vulnerable, with many species threatened with extinction, making the conservation and multiplication of native species, such as Cattleya nobilior, a necessity. Biotechnological tools, such as in vitro culture, emerge as strategies for the efficient propagation of these species. This study developed and optimized in vitro culture protocols for C. nobilior through two distinct but complementary experiments. The first experiment evaluated the effect of different concentrations of the microalga Chlorella sp. (0; 1.5; 3.0; 4.5 g L-1) and two LED irradiance levels (18 and 36 µmol m-2 s-1), in a 4 x 2 factorial design. The second experiment compared three micropropagation systems (heterotrophic, photoautotrophic, and photomixotrophic), under the same two LED irradiance levels (18 and 36 µmol m-2 s-1), in a 3x2 factorial design. Both experiments, conducted in solidified Murashige & Skoog medium under controlled temperature and photoperiod conditions (25 ± 2 °C; 16 h), assessed the survival, germination percentage, and developmental stages of the propagules at 60 and 120 days (Experiment 1) and 45 and 90 days (Experiment 2). Data were subjected to analysis of variance and means compared by Tukey's test (p<0,05), using the SISVAR software. Results from the first experiment indicated that the irradiance of 36 µmol m-2 s-1 was more influential than microalgae supplementation for propagule development, with the highest percentage of P4 stage plantlets (97.60%) observed in the control treatment under this irradiance at 120 days. For the second experiment, the photomixotrophic micropropagation system and 36 µmol m-2 s-1 irradiance were more favorable, promoting 100% germination at 45 days and 43.85% of P4 stage plantlets at 90 days. The optimization of these factors contributed to accelerating reproduction and promoting sustainable practices, aiding in the conservation of the species and reducing illegal harvesting. Thus, the use of irradiance of 36 µmol m-2 s-1 accelerated the development of C. nobilior propagules in both experiments, being suitable for their germination and in vitro cultivation in growth chambers, since it is a species that occurs in the Cerrado strictu sensu. Editor: Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados Tipo: Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso

Cinética de secagem de folhas de Alibertia edulis (RICH.) A. Rich. Ex DC

Fri, 28 Nov 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Cinética de secagem de folhas de Alibertia edulis (RICH.) A. Rich. Ex DC Autor(es): David, Breno Barboza Gomes; Navarro, Samuel Rodrigues Primeiro Orientador: Goneli, André Luís Duarte Abstract: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the drying kinetics and diffusivity during the drying process of Alibertia edulis (RICH.) A. Rich. ex DC. leaves. The leaves were harvested with an initial moisture content of approximately 1.50 d.b. and subjected to drying under different controlled temperature conditions (40, 50, 60, and 70 °C) and an air-drying velocity of 0.4 m s⁻¹ in an experimental fixed-bed dryer, until reaching a moisture content of approximately 0.11 d.b. Eight mathematical models commonly used to describe the drying of agricultural products were fitted to the experimental data. Based on the results obtained, the Midilli model was the only one to satisfactorily fit and represent the drying kinetics of Alibertia edulis (RICH.) A. Rich. ex DC. leaves under all drying air conditions. Increasing the temperature resulted in shorter drying times and higher magnitudes of the effective diffusion coefficient. The activation energy was 57.44 kJ mol⁻¹ for the dried Alibertia edulis. leaves under an air-drying velocity of 0.4 m s⁻¹, within the temperature range of 40 to 70 °C. Editor: Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados Tipo: Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso