Influência da inoculação com Bradyrhizobium E Azospirillum na cultura da soja

Abstract

The need to make agriculture more efficient with higher productivity and lower production costs drives research to find more efficient and applicable management techniques on a large scale. The inoculation with Bradyrhizobium in soybean seeds is already consolidated, but the inoculation with Azospirillum can still be better studied. The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of the combination of inoculation and co- inoculation of Bradyrhizobium and Azospirillum on soybean crop and soil microbiological attributes. The work was developed in the 2016/2017 harvest, at Embrapa Agropecuária Oeste, in Dourados, MS. The experimental design was in randomized blocks in subdivided plots. In the main plots were allocated the two soils (LVe and LVAd) and in the subplots the five forms of Nitrogen supply to the crop: Nitrogen fertilization on seeding (CN), inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense in soybean seeds (CA), inoculation with Bradyrhizobium in soybean seeds (CB), inoculation with A. brasilense in winter culture and Bradyrhizobium in soybean seeds (CA + CB ) and inoculation with A. brasilense on winter culture and co-inoculation of Bradyrhizobium plus A. brasilense on soybean seeds (CA; CB + A). In soybean, morphological parameters were evaluated at three stages of development (V4, R1 and physiological maturation), and the components of production at harvest. In the soil was evaluated microbial activity at the beginning and end of the crop and the enzymatic activity was evaluated in the soybean harvest. The morphology of soybean plants with isolated inoculation and co-inoculation of A. brasilense with Bradyrhizobium were equivalent to nitrogen fertilization. The soybean inoculated with A. brasilense had productivity equivalent to nitrogen fertilization. Inoculation with A. brasilense and co-inoculation increases the phosphorus concentration in soybean leaves. Inoculation and co-inoculation increase the carbon of the microbial biomass in sandy soil. The enzymatic activity is higher in clay soil.