Associação entre trauma na infância e sintomas de depressão, dor e função executiva em pessoas que vivem com HIV - estudo transversal em amostra de um centro de referência no interior do Brasil

Abstract

People living with HIV have high risks of developing neuropsychiatric diseases, neurocognitive disorders and pain in the course of their lives. A history of trauma in the early stages of development may induce neurobiological changes in brain functions and lead to a decrease in mental health and cognitive function. Recently, the experience of traumatic events in childhood has been related to the severity of symptoms of pain, depression and cognitive decline in PLHIV in adult life. In this context, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of childhood trauma and depression in PLHIV in a reference center in the Center-West of Brazil and its possible associations to neuropsychiatric disorders, pain, cognitive decline and socioeconomic variables. For this, 80 people living with HIV (PLVHIV) from SAE / Dourados were evaluated for CD4 + lymphocyte count and viral load, sociodemographic survey, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Population Screening Scale for Depression of the Center for Epidemiological Studies (CES-D), Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) and screening for neurocognitive disorders (Trial Making Test A and B, Stroop Test and Frontal Assessment Battery). The prevalence of trauma in childhood was 72.6% with 31.3% for moderate to extreme trauma. Childhood trauma was associated with depressive symptoms (p <0.001), social class disadvantaged (p <0.05) and low employment (p <0.001). Trauma was not associated with pain and cognitive decline, but depressive symptoms showed a significant association with pain (p <0.001) and neurocognitive disorder (p <0.05). These data suggest a high prevalence of childhood trauma in PLHIV and a moderate association with depressive symptoms, but did not interfere with the presence of pain and cognitive dysfunction.