Moscas das frutas (Diptera: tephritidae) ocorrentes no Chaco brasileiro

Abstract

In Brazil there are few inventories on species diversity of fruit flies in Conservation Units (Ucs). The Chaco is a biome that extends from western of Brazil, northern of Argentina, western of Paraguay and southwestern of Bolivia. In Brazil it is located only in the municipality of Porto Murtinho, southwest of Mato Grosso do Sul state. The Brazilian Chaco is composed of four distinct phytophysiognomies: Steppic scrub savanna, steppic park savanna, florested steppic savanna e steppic woody-grassy. In this survey only the last one was not included. To investigate the species diversity of fruit flies in the Brazilian Chaco, monthly samplings were carried out using McPhail traps. These were baited with a 5% maize hydrolyzed protein, remaining in the field for 72h. The traps were distributed in three locations for one year: March 4, 2017 to February 4, 2018. A total of 41 individuals of Anastrepha were captured, represented by four species: Anastrepha fraterculus, A. sororcula, A. undosa and A. daciformis. A. sororcula was more frequent in dry environment (florested steppic savana) compared to flooded environments (steppic scrub savana and steppic park savana). The phytophysiognomies of the Brazilian Chaco influence the community of fruit flies of the genus Anastrepha. The species richness and abundance of the fruit fly in the Brazilian Chaco are directly associated with areas not affected by periodic flooding. During the seasons, A. sororcula was associated with summer with maximum temperatures, being dominant in the steppic park savana. A. undosa was more abundant and frequent in the winter, associated with minimum temperatures. The latter species is the one with the greatest geographical distribution, present in the three phytophysiognomies evaluated: steep wood savannah, steppic park savana, and forested steppic savana.