Comportamento produtivo da amoreira-preta (Rubus spp.) cv. tupy em diferentes sistemas de conducão e podas

Abstract

In recent years the production of small fruits has attracted the attention of producers, traders and consumers in Brazil. Black mulberry is a rustic species, and although it was introduced in Brazil in the 1970s, few management of this rosacea were performed. The present study aimed at evaluating the productive behavior of Amoreira Preta (Rubus spp.) Cv "Tupy" in different systems of conduction and time. Three experiments were carried out at the Experimental Farm of the Federal University of Grande Durata MS in the years 2015 , 2016 and 2017. The research 1 developed in the year 2015 evaluated the extemporaneous pruning and number of productive branches in Amoreira-Preta (Rubus spp.) Cv. "Tupy." The experiment was installed in subdivided plot design, three variations in the number of productive branches, and four pruning seasons. Two prunings were made: a) in the summer, cleaning pruning, consisting of the elimination of the branches, leaving four main branches, which were raised 1 m to 1.2 m above the ground; b) the secondary branches inserted up to 30 cm from the ground were eliminated and the lateral branches were cleared. Productivity, production period, production (g), average fruit mass (g) and yield per plant (g), soluble solids, titratable acidity, ratio, and pH were evaluated. It is possible to produce blackberry with late pruning and variation in the number of productive branches in the region. Production was concentrated in three months, with a good period of fruit supply. The blackberry cultivar "Tupy" presented qualitative characteristics for industrialization. The research 2 aimed to evaluate the production and quality of the fruits of mulberry cv. Tupy, which was submitted to drastic pruning, in three systems of conduction, and also with variations in late seasons of pruning of production, two experiments were developed during the years 2016 and 2017, the first experiment was installed in a split plot design, with three types of driving, and four pruning seasons. Experiment 2 in a randomized block design, in a T-trellis driving system, and three late pruning seasons. Two prunings were made: in the summer, drastic pruning and; in winter, pruning production. Characteristics were evaluated corresponding to the quantitative characterization of the fruits (yield per plant in grams), the qualitative characterization of the fruits was done by the evaluation of the soluble solids measured in ºBrix. Regardless of the system of conduction and pruning times of blackberry, the yield, fruit diameter, length and Brix of the fruit did not differ. Using late pruning, production was concentrated between 11/07/2016 and 12/28/2016. The productivity and qualitative characteristics of blackberry were not influenced by late pruning.