Focalização e universalização: as ações do Estado

Abstract

This work aims to analyze the pros and cons arguments as defenses around the politics targeting and the politics universalization. In General, the dichotomy starts from the forms of the coverage, and that targeted politics have the characteristic of attend a specific public and presents itself as a key point, the efficiency in use of resources. On the other hand, by universal politics are understood actions without conditional exclusions, which ensure the implementation of fundamental rights materials. This paper uses the politics participation and decentralization as the main elements that aim at the approximation and insertion at effective and legitimate of citizens in the choices of State actions. In this perspective, it intends, as a hypothesis, that politics participation in the choices of public politics, tend to universalism, and that contrary to the political apathy will result in focusing. Given that, it is necessary draw conceptual considerations that favor the dynamics of reading the actual scenery; delimiting the external constraints devices (intentional speeches), which originate the main arguments of its supporters and critics; and, verify the internal mechanisms that conduct and guide such actions.