Qualidade do plantio mecanizado de cana-de-açúcar

Abstract

The sugar and alcohol sector occupies a prominent place in the Brazilian economy. The quality of the sugarcane plantation affects the longevity of the plantation, productivity and production costs. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the quality of sugarcane planting in the day shifts and night. The mechanized planting was carried out in Piraveve Iraídes farm area in the municipality of Ivinhema, MS. Was evaluated the quality indicators in the pre-planting: natural and total damage (TDN) and total mechanical damage shoots (TDMG), post-planting: number of billets (NG), number of viable shoots m-1 (NGV), total shoots viable (TGI), consumption seedlings (CM), groove depth (PS), groove coverage (CS), groove spacing (ES) and faults (F). For the evaluation of pre-planting seedlings, 40 billets were collected in the area of changes and performed 20 repetitions for TDN only the day shift and 10 repetitions for each shift to TDMG. For the post-planting was established for sampling one traversal collection with spacing of 50 x 1.50 m apart, totaling 60 points, 30 points assessed for the day shift and 30 points for the night. The data were submitted to descriptive statistics, analysis of variance and to evaluate the stability of mechanical planting process was used control charts. The TDN, TDMG, NR, NG, NGV, TGI, ES for day and night shifts, F and CS for the night shift had stable process based on the upper and lower control limits for letters of individual mobile and amplitude value. The CM, CS and F for daytime presented unstable or out of control process. To achieve the specific limits sought by the production unit to NGV, it is necessary to increase the consumption of plants found in this work and intensify the training of tractor operators and planter, to realign the expected goals and qualify manpower. It is necessary to draw up an improvement plan for the operation of mechanical planting seeking to meet the specific boundaries of the production unit.