O Caribe Negro nos poemas de Nancy Morejón: um olhar para Cuba

Abstract

Poet, translator and essayist, Nancy Morejón was born in Havana, Cuba, on August 7, 1944. She published her first book of poems entitled Mutismo in 1962. Graduated in Licentiate and French Language at the University of Havana, his doctoral research approached the work of the martini poet Aimé Césaire. Nancy Morejón enriches the current of so-called black poetry, but also explores themes about daily life, the process of Cuban revolution, the feminine condition, among other subjects pertinent to her socio-cultural context. This research aims to discuss the work of this author who, more than a poet, becomes a revitalizer of the Movement of Negritude, bringing a new awakening to sleeping minds. Thus, I seek to reflect about the construction of black cultural identities through the poems of Nancy Morejón, with a greater focus on the Caribbean woman. Beyond to identities, I propose a reading of these poems in the light of the Negritude Movement and its updating in contemporary times, seeking elements that justify this perceptible updating of the Movement. The interest in developing this work arises as a need for visibility to the marginal issues in the academy, pondering about what spaces occupied by blacks men and blacks women in society, as well as relate these issues to the Negritude Movement itself in the past and its new present condition.We will also see how Nancy gives visibility to the silenced Cubans through their poems, in addition to considering the search for Cuban and Caribbean national identity in a lyrical way. Together we will explore in the poems the specificities of Latin America and the Caribbean as regions where all the races of the world reside and how this contributes to the construction of the Latin American and Caribbean identity. For the composition of this research, we sought interpretive dialogues between Nancy Morejón's poems with theoreticians such as Aimé Césaire with the works Discurso sobre a Negritude (2010), Discurso sobre o colonialismo (1978) and Cahier d´un retour au pays natal/ Diário de um retorno ao país natal and Zilá Bernd with the book O que é Negritude (1988) to weave reflections about the specific issues of black woman and the Movement of Negritude. Already the question of identity will be based on the theorists Stuart Hall (2011) with the work A identidade cultural na pós-modernidade and Frantz Fanon (2008) with Pele negra, máscaras brancas. We will also rely on the theorists Emir Sader, Aníbal Quijano and Walter Mignolo who discuss Latin American issues from the margin perspective. With this study we seek to help consolidate the line of research in identity studies, thus contributing to the discussions and consolidation of postcolonial studies.