Os Reflexos das demarcações de áreas indígenas sobre o valor bruto de produção da soja e milho no estado de Mato Grosso do Sul

Abstract

The agribusiness in Brazil is prominent due to the soil and climate conducive to agriculture and livestock, in addition, the application of technology has incremented even more such production. The projections of the Brazilian agribusiness for the next decades are positive with enough production to supply food to the Brazilian nation and export the surplus, however these productions require large areas of land. However, Brazil's history is stamped by land-related conflicts, and in recent years the State of Mato Grosso do Sul (MS) with an agriculture based economy emphasized on soybean and corn production, has been the scene of disputes for land areas between farmers and indigenous. Therefore, this dissertation aims to exhibit the possible economic resounds concerning the soybean and corn gross value of production - VBP as a result in the land use change by indigenous people in the State of MS demarcations. In order to achieve the acquaintance, we adopted the land use theory and a limited scenarios methodology in 28 municipalities that have established indigenous areas, with studies in review, new areas and areas called Iguatemi-Pégua. It was considered to the production of soybeans and corn cession values of 10%, 20% and 30% in relation to the cultivated areas in the year 2013. The results showed that the soybean and maize culture fill an area of 5.56% of the MS state, however, these areas are located in concentrated form in the municipalities that may have areas for the indigenous people. Since these areas start to belong to indigenous communities, it could affect negatively the VBP of soybean and corn, inducing the other chain links. We recognize that the land use issue addressed in this dissertation is controversy mainly considering the economic and social trouble. A theoretical articulation with other knowledge areas is necessary due to the complexity of this theme. Nonetheless, this dissertation in some measure provides data and relevant information to enhance the discussions among the actors interested in solving this issue in the best way.