Teor de proteína e de óleo em grãos de soja obtidos sob diferentes tipos de manejo

Abstract

The protein and oil contents of soybean can vary in function of the genetics of the material, of the local where is cultivated and for the practice agronomic, among them you practice agronomic the chemical manuring is very important, because mineral deficiencies influence in the chemical composition of the grains. The objective of the present work was to evaluate the effect of the inoculant use, fungicide, and micronutrients in the yield and in the chemical composition of the soybean grains. As well as to determine which varied is involved in the protein and oil content soybean grains and their interrelations. The experiment was developed in Experimental Finance of Agrarian Sciences of the “Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados”, in Dourados-MS, during the 2005/06 growing season and was arranged in randomized complete block experimental design with 12 treatments, with four repetitions. The treatments were constituted of: 1 - fungicide (seed treatments); 2 - Inoculant (seed treatments); 3 - Micronutrient Co and Mo + inoculant (seed treatments); 4 - Inoculant (seed treatments) + micronutrient Co and Mo (foliar applied, in the stadium V3); 5 - Fungicide + micronutrient Co and Mo + inoculant (seed treatments); 6 - Fungicide + inoculant (seed treatments) + micronutrientes Co and Mo (foliar applied, in the stadium V3); 7 - Fungicide + micronutrients (commercial product Bionex SF) + inoculant (seed treatments); 8 - Fungicide + inoculant (seed treatments) + micronutrient (commercial product Bionex SF, foliar applied, in the stadium V3); 9 - Fungicide + inoculant (seed treatments) + micronutrient Co and Mo (foliar applied, in the stadium V3) + zinc to foliate (7% Zn), applied in the stadium V6; 10 - fungicide + inoculant (seed treatments) + micronutrient Co and Mo (foliar applied, in the stadium V3) + manganese to foliate (10% Mn), applied in the stadium V6; 11 - fungicide + inoculant (seed treatments) + micronutrients Co and Mo (foliar applied, in the stadium V3) + manuring to foliate (10,0%N, 4,0%S, 0,5%Mg, 4,0%Mn, 2,0%Zn, 0,5%B, 0,1%Mo commercial product Basfoliar Soja) applied in the stadium V6; 12 - the control, without treatment. They were certain the plant height, the stem diameter, the medium number of green beans for plant, productivity and the protein and oil content of the grains, as well as the tenors of N, P, K, S, Ca, Mg, Mg, and Zn foliate and of the grains of two you cultivate, BRS 206 and to CD 202. In the conditions that the experiment was developed, in soils of high fertility, the adopted treatments didn't influence significantly in the productivity and in the protein and oil content of the grains, as well as in the chemical composition to foliate and of the soybean grains, in both you cultivate them. Through it “path analysis” was observed that the productivity of cultivating BRS 206 was influenced in a direct and positive way by the mass of 100 grains and the number of green beans for plant, they put significant associations were not observed between the agronomic characteristics and the protein and oil content of the soy grains. The characters that presented larger importance in explaining the variations in the protein content of the soybean grains are the tenors foliate of nitrogen, sulfur and zinc. The analysis of canonical correlation demonstrated strong association among protein content in the grains and the high concentration of nitrogen to foliate in both you cultivate them. The tenor to foliate of match it presented negative direct effect on the protein content of the grains of both you cultivate them, however it presented positive effects on the oil content.