Produção agroeconômica e bromatologia do mangarito (Xanthosoma mafaffa Schott) cultivado sob diferentes tratos culturais em Dourados-MS

Abstract

The aim of this work was evaluate the agroeconomic production of tannia, in function of spacing among plants (10 and 15 cm among plants) and mulching with semi-decomposed chicken manure (0; 10 and 20 t ha-1). The treatments were arranged as 2 x 3 factorial, in experimental design randomized block, with four replications. The harvest was performed at 225 days after planting, when more than 50% of plants shoot showed symptoms of senescence. The maximum height was 35,56 cm, achieved at 164 days after planting with 10 cm among plants and 20 t ha-1 of semi-decomposed chicken manure and the lower maximum height was 29,17 cm, achieved at 157 days after planting with 15 cm among plants and 20 t ha-1 of semi-decomposed chicken manure. There was significant effect of interaction between spacing among plants and doses of chicken manure to production of fresh weight of average cormels, where the higher yield (2,71 t ha-1) were without the use of chicken manure in soil and 15 cm among plants. The highest productions of fresh weight of shoot (1,43 t ha-1), small cormels (3,10 t ha-1), larger diameter of cormels (15,27mm) were obtained under spacing of 10 cm among plants and the greatest length of cormels (25,93 mm) and diameter of small cormels (11,91 mm) were in soil covered with 10 t ha-1 and 0 t ha-1, respectively. The highest yield of marketable corms (6,42 t ha-1) was of plants with spacing of 15 cm and 10 t ha-1 of chicken manure in mulching. By calculated values for production costs (R$ 5.137,55) and liquid income (R$ 4.042,00), the grower can produce the tannia, using the spacing of 15 cm among plants and without the use of chicken manure.