O Efeito da eficiência técnica relativa de universidades brasileiras no desenvolvimento econômico local

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the effect of the efficiency offederal universities on the economic development of the geographic areain which they operate. In order to do so, it was necessary to analyze thetwo phases of the first one, in order to obtain the efficiency of 37 Brazilianfederal universities through Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). For thesecond phase in which it investigated the effect of university efficiencyin local economic development through regression, the sample consistedof 34 university microregions totaling 344 municipalities. Among theresults, we highlight that: (i) the variables Indicators of Efficiency, Salaryand Remuneration, were significant by regression with GDP per capita(economic variable); (ii) that the variable Indicator of efficiency of theUniversity represents 37% in the proposed model the economicdevelopment represented by the variable GDP per capita, in a positive andsignificant way; (iii) for the regression of the variable employed person(employee), the variables wages and Remuneration, population ininhabitants and more than one university in the microregion weresignificant the variables wage and salaries and population in significantinhabitants at the level of 1% and varies more than one university at the10% level. It is concluded that the indicators of relative technicalefficiency of the analyzed universities positively affect the localeconomic development, represented by the GDP per capita variable,however, cannot infer that the indicators of. However, such results shouldbe interpreted with caution, due to the temporal access of the variablesused in the model and of different locations of some institutions,recommending that future research investigate other elements that mayexplain the differences found, but also becomes a relevant study withmore variables to perceive the real impact of efficiency on local economicperformance. Finally, it should be pointed out that the analysis of theeffect of universities on economic development is important in order to(a) determine the results of their influence on sustainable development atdifferent levels of economic and social well-being (b) efficiency ofuniversities as well as variables related to economic development, fruits, of the role of universities in society is the key to fostering sustainableeconomic development policies.