Técnicas de cultivo in vitro como alternativa para a conservação de Schomburgkia crispa Lindl. (orchidaceae) e sua reintrodução em ambiente natural

Abstract

In vitro cultivation is a valuable biotechnological tool in obtaining plants for research aiming to preserve species. Its use is important, since it allows to obtain a large number of plants in a relatively short time and with high phytosanitary quality. Thus, this work was developed aiming at the conservation of Schomburkgia crispa Lindl. in the Cerrado Biome through in vitro cultivation and subsequent reintroduction into the habitat. Five experiments were carried out in which seed germination, ex vitro conditioning and the reintroduction of this species to the habitat were evaluated. Based on the germination results obtained, it is recommended that the ascetic seeding of S. crispa be carried out with suspension of seeds soaked for five minutes in sodium hypochlorite and with the accomplishment of triple washing in the culture medium MS ½ supplemented with 6.0 g L-1 activated carbon and solidified with 4.0; 6.0 or 8.0 g L-1 of bacterial agar. For the ex vitro acclimatization of propagated plants, the coconut fiber substrate is recommended. The observed results allow to infer, also, that the seedlings produced by asymbiotic germination can be reintroduced in the habitat, independent of the substrate used, making this technique viable application with other species.