Estado da arte de veículos elétricos e híbridos: estudo da viabilidade técnica, logística e econômica

Abstract

This research presents the state of art of the existing technologies of hybrid and electric vehicles. The work begins discussing the growing environmental concern due to atmospheric pollution generated by the internal combustion engines from the automobiles, the historic evolution of the vehicles, different degrees of electrification existing, the available powertrain configurations, the main characteristics of the internal combustion engines, electric motors, batteries and power coupling devices used in the electric and hybrid vehicles. In relation to the Brazilian reality, a survey was made on the current situation of electric and hybrid vehicles in the country, identifying the nowadays infrastructure throughout the country and the current tax regime. Finally, an analysis of the running cost of these vehicles was made comparing cars powered by internal combustion engines, hybrid powertrains and electric motors. The analysis includes the fuel cost, maintenance cost, electricity cost for the recharging if the case, and the estimate greenhouse emissions avoided by the electric cars.