Avaliação de plantas de milho em modalidades de cultivo solteiro e consorciado com Brachiaria ruziziensis

Abstract

The arrangements to implement intercropping systems can influence as the development of maize as the production of hay and/or pasture. This study aimed to evaluate the growth and yield of maize grown in different types of sowing in the off season in 2013, in Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul state, evaluating: 1) sole maize spaced 0.45 m between rows (MS45), 2) sole maize spaced 0.90 m between rows (MS90), 3) sole maize intercaled of 0.45 and 0.90 m between rows (MS45-90), 4) maize intercropped with Brachiaria in the same line spaced 0.45 m (MB45L), 5) maize intercropped with Brachiaria interline spaced 0.90 m (MB90), 6) maize intercropped with Brachiaria distributed to haul in spaced 0.45m (MB45La), and 7) maize intercropped with Brachiaria between two rows of maize spaced 0.45m and 0.90 m (0,45x0,45x0,90) (MB45-90). Were measurements performed of RFA incident (RFA), chlorophyll, temperature of leaves and ear and collected plants of maize and Brachiaria ruziziensis to evaluated the morphological parameters and mass productivity. At physiological maize maturation (R6) were collected maize ears to evaluate the production components. The MS45 treatment has showed low incidence of RFA in the ear and the higher yield of mass and grains. The intercropping reduced the chlorophyll content of maize, especially with the forage on the same line of maize. The highest temperature in the leaves was observed in MB45La, where there was also lower plant height, leaf area and yield of dry matter maize. The MB45L intercropped and sole maize crops provided the highest yield of dry matter maize. The crop arrangements affect the characters morphological and physiological of maize, however the yield of grains was more influenced to spaced than to present of Brachiaria, and was highest in space reduced.