A Desigualdade de oportunidades no acesso ao ensino superior no estado de Mato Grosso do Sul

Abstract

The present paper aims to analyze the opportunities inequality in access to public and private university education in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul. For that were used data from PNAD from years 2005 to 2015 in order to derive the potential demand for university education and identify the “vulnerable” and “invulnerable” groups. The methodology used was the Human Opportunity Index (HOI), developed by Barros et al. (2009). Among the main results, we highlight the IOH growth from 30.6% to 37.4% in the analyzed period, resulting, mostly, from the increase in availability of vacancies for everyone, but also from the distribution effect between black and white, rich and poor people and the familiar background. The fact that the scale effect contributed more in the IOH’s growth may be connected to the internalization of the access to the university education, with policies such as REUNI and the increase in the number of private universities in the state. However, despite of the evolution occurred in the state in terms of opportunities for all people, the IOH is still too low (37.4%), far from the ideal point (IOH = 1), that occurs when the access is universal (p̂ = 1) and there is no opportunity inequality (p̂ = pk → D = 0).