O Efeito de impactos antrópicos sobre a diversidade de vespas solitárias e seus inimigos naturais

Abstract

With the development and increase of human activities, quantifying changes in biodiversity has become a challenge in ecology. The consequence of these processes is the expansion of monoculture plantations and urbanization, which has caused a process of global extinction of insects. Thus, studies are necessary in relation to the biodiversity of fragments of forest remnants and anthropic areas, in order to show the loss of diversity of the largest possible number of taxa. Therefore, this study sought to compare the diversity and interaction networks of solitary wasps and their natural enemies and fragments of silviculture, urban parks and native forests. The results suggest that, as expected, native forests present greater diversity of solitary wasps, with biodiversity decline in urban parks and, mainly, in eucalyptus monoculture. However, networks of interactions have shown to be more specialized in the areas of forestry and urban parks, to the detriment of native forests. These results may suggest that the presence of specialist natural enemies may be influenced by factors other than habitat structure or that, in the case of solitary wasps, anthropic environments result in greater network specialization.