Fertirrigação nitrogenada na cultura do gladíolo (Gladiolus hortulanus) L. cv Amsterdam

Abstract

The gladiolus, known as Palma-de-Santa-Rita, is a traditional ornamental culture used as a cut flower for the domestic market in Brazil, and more recently has been highlighted in the production of corms for export. Knowing the amount of accumulated nutrients in the plant at each growth stage provides important information that can assist in the cultural fertilization program. But they are not readily available for this species. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of different doses of nitrogen applied by fertigation in gladiolus cultivation in Dourados-MS. This experiment was conducted in an Irrigation area at the Federal University of Grande Dourados (UFGD) in Dourados - MS. We used the experimental randomized block design with five replicates consisting of 40 plants, that have been grown with the spacement of 0.1 m between plants and 0.5 m between rows. The treatments consisted in six doses of nitrogen (0; 40; 80; 120; 160; 200 Kg.ha-1) divided in three applications by fertigation: 15 days, 30 days and 55 days of cultivation. The source of nitrogen used was urea (46% N). The main morphological characteristics of leaves were evaluated, rods, buttons, flowers, root and corms, in addition to the nitrogen content in each. It can be concluded that the stem length, flower stem, leaf length and percentage of dry mass flower responded positively to approximate dose of 100 Kg.ha-1 N. The diameter of the base of the flower stem, corm diameter produced and the percentage of fresh flower mass had higher performance with a dose of approximately 50 Kg.ha-1 N. For nitrogen content of variables in floral and root stem and percentage of fresh and dry flower stem, were observed respectively higher responses at doses between the ranges of 150 and 200 Kg.ha-1 N applied in Gladiolus hortulanus L. cv Amsterdam fertigation.