Uso de biofertilizantes no sistema plantio direto

Abstract

The increasing expansion of agricultural areas and the use of improper soil management practices may lead losses in the physical, chemical and biological qualities of soils, generating declines in the productive system. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of biofertilizantes on soil physical and chemical attributes and on the soybean yield. The work was conducted at Rincão das Lagoas farm, Ponta Porã city, Mato Grosso do Sul state, during the 2016/2017 harvest, and the experimental design choosed was randomized blocks with five treatments and four replications. The treatments consisted in the application of the biofertilizer Microgeo® in the doses of 150 L ha-1 (T2) and 300 L ha-1 (T4), the biofertilizer Exion Vida® in the doses of 3 L ha-1 (T3) and 6 L ha-1 (T5) and the control (T1). Soil density in the 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm layers, soil penetration resistance in the 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm and 20-30 cm layers, organic carbon and carbon stock in the 0-10 cm layer, the production components (number of plants, number of pods per plants, number of grains per pods and the weight of one thousand grains) and soybean yield were measured. For the averages comparison, the Tukey test at 5% of probability was chosen. There were no effects for the evaluated attributes except number of plants and productivity, in wich Microgeo® was better than Exion Vida®. There were no changes related to soil physical and chemical attributes, however, there was an increase in productivity with the use of the Microgeo® biofertilizer. It was concluded that the application of biofertilizers did not change the physical attributes (soil density and soil penetration resistance) and chemical attributes (carbon stock and organic carbon) of the soil. With the continuity of the experiment, there would be a greater chance of changes in the physical and chemical attributes of the soil.