Número de fileiras no canteiro e espaçamentos entre plantas na produção da mandioquinha-salsa ‘Amarela de Carandaí’

Abstract

This work aimed to know yield and net income of amarela de carandaí Peruvian carrot in answer to the use of two and three rows per plot (50 cm and 33 cm, respectively) and three spaces among plants (20, 30 and 40 cm). Treatments were arranged as 2 (number of rows per plot) x 3 (spaces among plants) factorial, in a randomized experimental block design, with four replications. Harvest was done in two dates: at 213 and 242 days after planting (DAP), when plants showed, respectively, more than 50% and 70% of senescence of leaf area. Plant heights, fresh and dried mass of leaves, shoots, crowns, commercial (mass greater than 40g) and non-commercial (smaller than 40g) roots were evaluated. The validation of this work was done by determination of gross and net income. In harvest done at 213 DAP, significative effect of number of rows per plot for fresh mass of non commercial roots and of spaces among plants for plant heights and for fresh mass of shoots was found. In harvest done at 242 DAP, there was a significative effect of number of rows for yields of fresh mass of shoots, crowns, commercial and non commercial roots and of spaces among plants for fresh mass of shoots, crowns and non commercial roots. By obtained results for yields of fresh and dried masses of different botanical compounds that were evaluated for Peruvian carrot, as a function of number of rows of plants per plot, independed on the existence or not of the significative effect of the treatment, it was concluded that the planting under three rows per plot was the best (average of 65,934 plants ha-1) in relation to the yields of plants under two rows (average of 43,956 plants ha-1). When it is compared the average yield obtained from harvest at 213 DAP and at 242 DAP, for fresh and dried mass, it was observed that in the second harvest there were yield increases for different morphological compounds of plants, in relation to the first harvest. Fresh masses of commercial roots represented discardable residues. The greatest yields of commercial roots (12.98 t ha-1) and net income (R$ 17,820.66) were obtained from plants that were harvest at 242 DAP and cultivated under three rows per plot and spaced 30 cm among plants when related with the greatest yields (6.94 t ha-1) and net income (R$ 8,760.66) that were obtained from plants that were harvested at 213 DAP and cultivated under three rows per plot and spaced 20 cm among plants. Observing the estimative average related to net income, it was concluded that, for Peruvian carrot producer, harvest done at 242 DAP was the best because it can increase in 107.52% (R$ 13,413.95) net income, in average, in relation to harvest done at 213 DAP (R$ 6,463.95).