Compactação do solo: variabilidade espacial em sistema plantio direto

Abstract

Soil compaction is a process originating in ground handling, machine traffic and lack of crop rotation in the area. The objective was to evaluate the soil compaction through the spatial variability of soil mechanical resistance to penetration in the area under no-tillage system. Data collection occurred in the municipality of Dourados, MS, specifically at the Experimental Farm UFGD. It used an automated electronic penetrometer to a depth of 0.40 m using a sampling grid with 43 points equidistant from one another of 45 m. Each point was obtained for three replicates. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and geostatistics for making the maps of spatial variability. All study variables presented spatial dependence within the adopted sampling grid. The use of tillage and the constant traffic of machines in the area favored the emergence of intermediate values and resistance to penetration of critics, in much of the area. There was increasing resistance to penetration as the increase of its depth in all evaluated profiles. The geostatistics identified agricultural zoning thus defining regions with different levels of compression, thus, can make use of chisel plow / subsoiling way located within the area.