Saturação por bases, fósforo e nitrogênio no estabelecimento e manutenção de capim-massai

Abstract

It was carried out an experiment in purpose to test four levels of soil base saturation (20%, 40%, 60% and 80%), four rates of phosphorus (0, 80, 160 and 240 kg ha-1 of P2O5) and four rates of nitrogen (0, 100, 200 and 300 kg ha-1) during the phase of Panicum Maximum cv Massai implant, in Oxisol of Brazilian Cerrado, in Campo Grande, MS. The experimental design used was randomized blocks in fractionated fatorial type (1/2)43, with 32 treatments and two replications. Two cuts along 200 days were done. The evaluated aspects were green dry mass (GDM) accumulation, soil fertility changes, concentration of macronutrients in diagnostic leaves, crude protein (CP) rate and in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD). It was verified significant effect of the phosphorus (P) fertilization (p<0,05) and of the V (0,10>p<0,20) in the GDM in two cuts sum. The nitrogen (N) didn’t present signiticative effect in GDM accumulation. The higher dose for P for higher physical production was 237 kg ha-1 and the economical dose was 185 kg ha-1, both in soil base saturation (V) of 39% in the soil. P. maximun cv Massai GDM accumulation in this phase was 9.441 and 9.260 kg ha-1 in maximum physical and economical dose, respectively. All soil chemical characteritics studied (P, Ca, Mg, Al, m and V) presented significative variations in relation to the treatments. The V presented below the liming target. The soil P availability by the Mehlich 1 extractor, in GDM maximum production and P2O5 maximum rate used, didn’t reached the expected disponibility soil for grass forage studied. The estimated concentration of nutrients (N, P, Ca, Ms and S) in diagnostic leaves presented that, in zero dose of N and P and in 20% target V , only P was limiting. All nutrients presented significative variations in relation to the treatments. It was revified in morphological components of grass high percentage of lamina leaves (77,50%) in GDM. It was revified in the nutritive value avaluation suitable in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD) and crude protein (CP) rate in GDM lamina leaves. IVOMD and CP increased significantly with N fertilization and increment of V.