Produção de marcela (Achyrocline satureioides (Lam) DC) em cultivo solteiro e consorciado com tansagem (Plantago major L.)

Abstract

The objective of this work was to evaluate the growth and the production of marcela, biomass in culture single and joined with tansagem and to determine the best arrangement of plants of these medicinal species, in intercropping being aimed at the productive increase and economic return. Was constituted six treatments: two rows of marcela with space of 0,40 m (M040); two rows of marcela with space of 0,25 m (M0,25); two rows of plantain with space of 0,75 m (T0,75); three rows of plantain with space of 0,40 m (T0,40); two rows of marcela with space of 0,40 m with three rows of plantain (M0,40T0,40) in its sides; two rows of marcela with space of 0,25 with two rows of plantain (M0,25T75) in its sides. Design was randomized blocks with four replications. Any of treatments influenced heights of marcela plants neither of plantain. Maximum height of marcela was 0,78 m, under intercrop and spaced 0,25 m, while of plantain was 0,11 m, on 56 days after transplant, under intercrop with marcela spaced 0,75 m. Yields of aerial parts and of marcela flowers were not influenced by intercropping neither by plant arrangement, but they were smalest in the third date of harvest. Fresh mass of flowers were 2,51, 2,63 e 1,28 t ha-1, respectively, on 180, 210 and 225 days after transplant. Fresh mass of Plantain did not influenced by intercroping (average of 4,92 t ha-1), but it was bigger under the greater under space T0,40 (6,13 t ha-1), that in the T0,75 space (3,32 t ha-1). Land Equivalent Ratio of 1,6 M0,40T0,40 and M0,25T0,75 intercrops was 2,4, which indicates that the intercrop of both marcela and tansagem was effective. How mach the gross income, it observed value for M0,40T0,40 of R$ 10.755,00 and for M0,25T0,75 of R$ 14.582,00 corresponding we acréscimos it of 30% and 77% in the gross income, respectively.