Expansão canavieira e os possíveis efeitos sobre a pecuária bovina: uma análise para o estado de Mato Grosso do Sul

Abstract

The state of Mato Grosso do Sul is one of the largest producers of Brazil's cattle, and from the last decade, the state also began to excel in the production of cane sugar, standing out in two areas at the national level. In view of this, the aim of this work to analyze the evolution of beef cattle activity in the state, in the period from 2002 to 2012 and assess the expansion of production of cane sugar and its possible influences on this activity. The study deals with an exploratory and descriptive research, using a literature review and analysis of historical data. The data of agricultural production and livestock used in the study were obtained from the research, Municipal Agricultural Production, Production Municipal Livestock, both published by IBGE and also the Integrated Foreign Trade System. The analysis was divided into two parts: the first featuring the evolution of the livestock sector and the second featuring the evolution that the production of cane sugar has in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul compared to the Midwest and Brazil. The main results confirm a strong growth in production of cane sugar in Mato Grosso do Sul, which showed an increase of 398% in your growing area and 340% in volume produced from 2002 to 2012. The cattle presented a reduction of 7% of their status in cattle effective in the same period, in contrast to the growth presented in cattle slaughterings (22%), carcass weight (23%), milk production (11%) and export of meat (304%). From the data analyzed cannot be said that the expansion of cane sugar is responsible for the reduction of bovine effective, even if part of the area destined for cattle production has been aimed at production of cane sugar, which is observed is that the expansion of sugar cane industry was significantly higher than the reduction of actual cattle in the state.