Cana-de-açúcar: embriogênese somática, organogênese e o uso de biorreatores

Abstract

The world production of sugarcane occurs in over 100 countries and is concentrated mainly in Latin America, Africa and part of Asia. Brazil is the largest producer of cane sugar causing the great importance of this crop for the country as a generator of direct and indirect jobs. The raw material derived from this culture attends various production sectors: sugar, alcohol, animal feed, beverages, among many other products. With the increase in domestic demand and export a range of researches and studies is focused on the improvement programs. The micropropagation emerges as an excellent alternative, plant regeneration and maximizing those processes, as well as serving as a basis for genetic transformation techniques. Becomes possible to establish efficient protocols for vegetative propagation under controlled conditions, with fast results, uniformity of production and plant seedlings of excellent quality. So, it was aimed to conduct a survey of the literature addressing the micropropagation of sugarcane, through the techniques of somatic embryogenesis, organogenesis and the utilization of bioreactors. It is concluded that these techniques when applied and well conducted, are a great contribution to the regeneration of plants with high quality production rate and serving as basis for the techniques of genetic transformation.