Estabelecimento in vitro de jamelão (Syzygium cumini (L) Skeels)

Abstract

The jambul (Syzygium cumini (L) Skeels) is an important fruit species belonging to the family Myrtaceae, being widely distributed geographical. The species has a broad economic potential, but low use in production systems, prevented by its high perishability and lack of studies on the development of techniques to propagation the species. Therefore, this study aimed to establish a protocol for disinfection and in vitro establishment of jambul shoot explants seeking to develop an alternative technique to obtain seedlings of species. The plant material was collected from plants grown in the nursery trade “Mudas Gran Dourados Ltda.” Dourados – MS, in 2012 and trials were carried out in Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados (UFGD), Dourados - MS. To achieve the proposed objectives we evaluated different disinfectant agents in order to control in vitro contamination. In the first experiment we evaluated the effect of two chemical agents (sodium hypochlorite at 2.5% and hydrogen peroxide at 10%) in two different exposure times (10 and 20 min). Subsequently, a second experiment was performed and evaluated the effect of different fungicide carbendazim concentrations (0 - control, 25 mg L-1 , 50 mg L-1 , 75 mg L-1 and 100 mg L -1 ). The variables were the percentage of fungal and bacterial contamination, percentage of explants oxidized and survival percentage of explants. From the obtained results it can be concluded that jambul explants treated with hydrogen peroxide for 10 minutes have a higher percentage of survival than those treated with sodium hypochlorite at the same time. The treatment promotes increased survival of explants jambul increased proportionally to the fungicide concentration.