Dinâmica da produção de soja e da pecuária bovina: uma análise para o estado de Mato Grosso do Sul

Abstract

Mato Grosso do Sul is one of the largest cattle producers in Brazil, and since the last years the state has been a reference in soybean production. The objective of this work was to analyze the evolution of beef cattle breeding activity in the state from 2003 to 2013 and to evaluate the expansion in soybean production and its possible effects on cattle activity in the state. The study is an exploratory and descriptive research, using bibliographical surveys and analyzes of historical data. The data of agricultural production used in the work were obtained from the surveys; Municipal Livestock Production; And Municipal Agricultural Productions both published by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics and also by the Integrated Foreign Trade System. The analysis is divided into two parts: the first is an analysis of soybean production in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, which presented an evolution of 17.7% in the area under cultivation and 84.9% in the volume of production in the period 2003 to 2013 The second part analyzes the bovine livestock sector, which presented a reduction of 15.7% in the number of cattle in the same period in the state. From the analyzed data, it can not be said that the expansion of area for soy production is responsible for the reduction of cattle in the state, even if part of the area destined to cattle production is used for soy production. What is observed is that the expansion of soy production was significantly higher than the production of cattle in the state.