Efeito de gesso agrícola e fósforo no crescimento inicial e eficiência nutricional de Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi (Anacardiaceae)

Abstract

The aroeirinha (Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi) is a native species to Brazil, a pink pepper producer, a food condiment spreaded internationally, but its fruits and other derivatives are also obtained from extractive mode, with no recommendations for cultivation. The plant has a high growth response and nutrient efficiency when high doses of phosphorus are applied to the soil, however, economically and environmentally unviable. In this sense, it is aimed to verify the effect of the combination of gypsum and phosphorus on the growth, quality of plants, composition and nutritional efficiency of aroeirinha as well as the effect of these in different soil depths. The study was conducted in greenhouse and mounted on lysimeters. The treatments consisted of four levels of gypsum (0, 750, 1500 and 2250 mg kg-1) and four levels of P2O5 (0, 41.72, 83.44 and 125.16 mg kg-1), arranged in 4x4 factorial in completely randomized design with four replications. After 165 days after transplantation, the evaluations consisted of plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, dry weight of shoot and root, the leaf area/total dry mass ratio, height/diameter ratio, dry weight of shoot/root dry mass ratio; Dickson Quality Index; concentration and contents of macro and micronutrients in plant and soil chemical analysis. The use of morphological variables and their relationships are appropriate to evaluate the initial growth of aroeirinha and demonstrate their nutritional needs. The plaster can be used alongside fertilization and its association with phosphate favors higher quality plants and nutritional performance. Thus, the joint use of gypsum and phosphorus is recommended, because the interaction between these reduces the need for application of high doses of P2O5.