O Curso de educação artística na Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (1980 - 2000): história e memórias

Abstract

The present research aims to analyze the history of the Degree in Art Education at the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul within the period from 1980 to 2000. This time frame is justified by two arguments: the year 1980, which anchors the creation of the referred course at UFMS, and the year 2000, when the change in the nomenclature of the Course for Visual Arts occurred. In more specific terms, the present research sought to understand the period of creation of the Degree in Art Education at UFMS as well as characterize the constitution of the course and the changes that took place in it, from its genesis at UFMS to the change in its nomenclature for Visual Arts, and also to investigate the organization of the curriculum of the degree course in Art Education as well as the representations which were built around it; and finally, to analyze, from the individual narratives, the history and the collective memory of the course. As a theoretical-methodological framework, we base our New Cultural History on listing the concept of representation, developed by Chartier (1990, 1991,2017), and the approaches developed by Certeau (1982, 1995, 2014). Regarding art education, we rely mainly on Barbosa (2002, 2005); and in discussions relating teacher training were conducted from Nóvoa, Diniz-Pereira and Gatti (2010). The investigations carried out on the curriculum took place with Goodson (1995, 1997), Sacristán (2000) and Moreira and Silva (2004); and finally, when talking about the teachers' narratives, we opted for the use of oral sources and conceived a theoretical-methodological path suggested by Oral History, with Alberti (2004). The documentary corpus was formed both by documents from the Course Archive and from the Central Archive of UFMS, such as minutes, ordinances, curricular structures, internal communications, imagery records, sketches, and architectural plans of the building, in addition to legislation related to art teaching. The oral sources were constituted by semi-structured interviews, carried out with fourteen teachers and an administrative technician, who participated in the process of creation and constitution of the course in question. Based on the above, the thesis defended is that the process of constitution of the Degree in Art Education at UFMS followed the movements and history of this area of knowledge in the Brazilian education scenario and that, also in this process, it was permeated by the positions adopted by teachers in defense of the necessary changes in a course aimed at training art teachers. From this, we understand that the creation of the Degree Course in Art Education at UFMS was driven by legislation that normalized the actions of the period of its creation, guided mainly by the Law Reform, at 5,692 / 71 and in the proposals that occurred in other courses in the area, implemented in that same period in Brazil, being consolidated by national political movements and by the participation of the category of art teachers in their federation and local associations. The research also showed that the Degree in Art Education at UFMS had, in principle, the role of meeting the demand for training art teachers, to work in the teaching of 1st and 2nd degrees. However, in addition to teacher training, we understand that the course participated in the training of artists and in the development of artistic and cultural activities in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul (MS). We also consider that the change in the nomenclature of the course, did not occur only as an indication of the Law of Guidelines and Bases of National Education, 9.394/ 96, as when it was created, but as an understanding of the conceptual changes that permeated art and the teaching in Brazil.