A Implantação do SUS e a efetividade das políticas públicas de saúde na fronteira Brasil - Paraguai: um estudo de caso no município de Ponta Porã, pós constituição de 1988

Abstract

Health has come a long way until its recognition as a fundamental social right by the 1988 Constitution. The creation of a single, universal and free health system guaranteed access to this right for a significant portion of the population, especially for the poorest. The implementation and execution of the SUS in municipalities located along the border, however, presents different challenges from the rest of the country. The flow of foreigners existing in some municipalities allows non-nationals access to a public health system, which can affect the guarantee of this right to Brazilians. The objective of this study is to analyze whether the public health policies implemented in municipalities located in the border strip consider the particularities of these regions, so that, even with the care of foreigners by the SUS, the access of nationals to this much-needed social right don't see yourself affected. Using a qualitative, basic, exploratory research based on bibliographic and documental analysis, it was identified that the care provided to foreigners by the SUS is part of the daily life of the municipality of Ponta Porã. The proximity to the neighboring country and the ease of access by foreigners provides a hybrid, binational coexistence, which does not interfere with Brazilians' access to healthcare, even in the face of care for Paraguayans and Brazilians who do not reside in the country. It was also evidenced that public health policies that address this reality are almost non-existent and those that were identified did not propose to solve the case efficiently. Despite the knowledge of this reality on the part of managers, the lack of communication with the neighboring country and the difficulty in collecting data on the flow of foreigners who use the Brazilian public health system makes it difficult to resolve this scenario.