Desastres ambientais e seus impactos sobre a economia brasileira: O caso da indústria extrativa de minério

Abstract

This work presents an analysis of the impacts of the imposition of a new tax on the Brazilian mining activity, since it is a potential cause of negative externalities, causing damage to the environment and a society. For this, the Computable General Equilibrium (EGC) methodology was used, , specifically, the Inter-regional General Equilibrium Model (TERMBR), taking the 2005-2018 period as a baseline, for which there is a detailed portrait of the Brazilian economy, based on the input-output matrix. The inherent results that the introduction of a tax for the mining sector increased the production cost of mining activity and related sectors, which implies a reduction in economic dynamism. On the other hand, an introduction of the tax has also generated an increase in government revenues, which can finance new spending on other sectors of the country. Therefore, as tax reduction, policy reduction, they are not very pronounced, making it possible to impose the tax on mining activities.