Bioecologia de Cerconota anonella (Lepidoptera: Oecophoridae) em um pomar de pinha, Annona squamosa, em Dourados-MS, Brasil

Abstract

The fruit borer, Cerconota anonella (Lepidoptera: Oecophoridae), is considered the main pest in fruits of Annona species, due to the injuries that its difficult management. The objectives of this work were to analyze the bioecology of the fruit borer, Annona squamosa, naturally infested in an orchard in Dourados, MS, under the organic cultivation system. The emergence of C. anonella adults (♀♀ and ♂♂) per fruit, parasitoids, and other opportunistic insects was quantified, taking into account the mass/gram and number of holes sampled. To quantify the adult populations of the anonaceous borer, biweekly collections were performed from February to April 2019. In the orchard, the zigzag walk method was used for fruit sampling. The harvested fruits were brought to the Laboratory of Frugivorous Insects of the Federal University of Grande Dourados (UFGD), where they remained in cages to obtain pine weed insects. Adult population analysis was performed until May/2019, which was the last month of insect emergence. Every two days the insects were removed from the cages, quantified, identified, tagged and mounted on entomological pins for identification and deposit in the Entomological Collection of the UFGD Biodiversity Museum. Other insects competing with C. anonella, Diptera, Coleoptera and Hymenoptera were conserved in 80% ethanol. C. anonella occurred throughout the study period. The average number of holes per pinecone fruit was 1.85 holes and 4.63 adults per fruit emerged. The percentage of fruits attacked by C. anonella was 87.30%. Two parasitoid species of two families occurred: Braconidae and Chalvididae (Hymenoptera).