Análise técnica da semeadura da cultura do milho de segunda safra

Abstract

The corn crop, which is very common in human and animal food, has been becoming an excellent option for the second crop cultivation, expanding, even more, its cultivated area, forcing the producer to seek a better productive potential, better performance in operations, and reduce costs with the production. This work aims to evaluate the sowing of corn, evaluate the performance of the tractor-seeder-fertilizer set, and the fuel consumption at a grain producing property in the region of Dourados MS. The evaluated set is formed by a tractor of the brand Valmet, model 1580, and a seeder-fertilizer of the brand Valtra, model Hi-tech BP 1106 L. The seeder is equipped with six seeding lines with spacing between lines of 0.9 m. For sowing quality, a sampling grid of 49 points was generated. The sampling points were located using the application C7 GPS Malhas and C7 GPS Data, which determined the height of the seedlings, the number of emerged seedlings, the distance between seedlings, the stand of plants, and the percentage of normal, flawed, and double spacing. With the data of each point, thematic maps of double, flawed, and normal spacing were generated using the QGIs software. The performance of the set was evaluated characterizing the effective field capacity, the operational field capacity, the field efficiency, and the fuel consumption. Each variable was analyzed on each day worked. Concluded with this work that the seeder-fertilizer reached the goal of normal spacing, but the plant stand was below expectations. The field yield had its highest value at intermediate speed, demonstrating the influence of other factors on the composition of lost times as the area format and difficulty of monitoring the supply train by different slopes in the area. Using the speed of 5.3 km h-1 obtained the best operational performance, while using 6.3 km h-1 resulted in lower operational fuel consumption.