Análise da geração de bioeletricidade nas usinas sucroenergéticas e simulações de métodos para o aumento da eficiência de geração

Abstract

With the constant search for renewable energy sources, due to climate changes caused by environmental pollution, one of the alternatives that stand out is the generation of electricity from biomass. In Brazil, as it is a large sugarcane producer, the biomass with the greatest growth potential for this purpose is sugarcane biomass. The process that provides the generation of bioelectricity in sugarcane plants is cogeneration, which, based on Rankine's thermodynamic cycle, has in its main components a steam generator (boiler) and a turbogenerator set. This article presents some scientific methods on how to increase generation efficiency. Among them, the gains obtained in generation when using high pressure and temperature boilers and the increase of straw and sugarcane tips in the boiler combustion are evaluated. Through simulations involving equations and thermodynamic laws, an increase of 9.6% in the gain of generated steam was visualized, if 10% of straw and sugarcane tips were used together with the bagasse. An increase of 39.76% was also obtained in the generation of electric energy in the replacement of a medium pressure and temperature boiler with a high pressure and temperature one, in addition to the burning of the straw and the tip together with the bagasse. Therefore, some of these methods are proven to be efficient, and may therefore be viable for plants that want to increase their profitability and contribute to the generation of electricity from renewable sources.