Bioprospecção in silico dos genes que codificam as enzimas α-galactosidase e β-galactosidase em amostras de solo de cinco manejos agrícolas

Abstract

The enzymes α-galactosidase and β-galactosidase have biotechnological applications, from the textile area to the health area. Both enzymes are present in vegetables, mainly in legumes. Since the soil is an environment with wide microbial diversity, presenting heterogeneity in its microbiota, it makes it difficult to analyze it in a conventional manner, due to limitations of microbial cultivation, making the application of metagenomic analysis necessary. The work aimed to identify through bioinformatics analysis in the total metagenomic DNA genes that encode α-galactosidase and β-galactosidase enzymes in different soil samples from agricultural managements. Five samples of management soils were collected and made available by the Embrapa Agropecuária Oeste farm, located in the city of Dourados-MS. The five samples were subjected to extraction of the total DNA made by the sequencing data WGS (Whole-genome Shotgun) through the Illumina Hiseq 2500 technology, the data used in this work were obtained in a previous study. The sequencing of the five samples, generated a total of 460,236 ORFs, which were later aligned by the Blastall program, against the databases of the enzymes α-galactosidase and β-galactosidase, which respectively generated 59010 and 12298 alignments. The data were exported to the MEGAN 6 program and later to STAMP. The enzymes α-galactosidase and β-galactosidase were found in all soil samples, obtaining statistically significant differences, which were analyzed at the level of phylum and gender. Indicating that there is a higher proportion of bacterial genera.